The type A influenza viruses are the most virulent and variable human pathogens with epidemic or even pandemic threat. The development of sensitive, specific and safe field testing methods is in particular need and quite challenging. We report here the selection and practical utilization of the inactivated influenza virus-specific aptamers. The DNA aptamers against inactivated intact H1N1 virus particles were identified through the systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) procedure. The discriminative aptamers and their truncated sequences showed selectively high affinity to inactive H1N1 virus and H3N2 virus with the K_d in the low nanomolar range and collective binding properties. The truncated sequences were first applied in a sandwich enzyme-linked oligonucleotide assay (ELONA) with a H1N1 detection limit (LOD, S/N = 3) of 0.3 ng/μL and then in an electrochemical impedance (EIS) aptasensor with more than 300 times improved LOD (0.9 pg/μL) and the excellent selectivity over other viruses (> 100 times). Therefore the developed aptasensors represent the safer, simpler, and possibly better virus-variation adaptable means of virus diagnostics.

甲型流感病毒是最强毒和易变的人类病原体，具有流行甚至大流行的威胁。特别需要开发敏感，特定和安全的现场测试方法，并且这是非常具有挑战性的。我们在这里报告了灭活流感病毒特异性适体的选择和实际利用。通过灭活完整的H1N1病毒颗粒的DNA适体是通过指数富集（SELEX）程序通过配体的系统进化来鉴定的。区分适体及其截短序列显示了对K _d对非活性H1N1病毒和H3N2病毒的选择性高亲和力在低纳摩尔范围内和集体结合特性。截短的序列首先应用于H1N1检出限（LOD，S / N = 3）为0.3 ng /μL的夹心酶联寡核苷酸测定（ELONA）中，然后应用于大于300的电化学阻抗（EIS）适体传感器倍数提高了LOD（0.9 pg /μL），并具有优于其他病毒的出色选择性（> 100倍）。因此，开发的适体传感器代表了病毒诊断的更安全，更简单，甚至可能更好的病毒变异适应性手段。