Food-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is a highly contagious virus that seriously threatens the development of animal husbandry. Although persistent FMDV infection can dramatically worsen the situation, the mechanisms involved in persistent FMDV infection remain unclear. In the present study, we identified the presence of evolved cells in the persistently FMDV-infected cell line. These cells exhibited resistance to the parent FMDV and re-established persistent infection when infected with FMDV-Op (virus supernatant of persistent infection cell lines), emphasizing the decisive role of evolved host cells in the establishment of persistent FMDV infection. Using RNA-seq, we identified the gene expression profiles of these evolved host cells. In total, 4,686 genes were differentially expressed in evolved cells compared with normal cells, with these genes being involved in metabolic processes, cell cycle, and cellular protein catabolic processes. In addition, 1,229 alternative splicing events, especially skipped exon events, were induced in evolved cells. Moreover, evolved cells exhibited a stronger immune defensive response and weaker MAPK signal response than normal cells. This comprehensive transcriptome analysis of evolved host cells lays the foundation for further investigations of the molecular mechanisms of persistent FMDV infection and screening for genes resistant to FMDV infection.

中文翻译：

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细胞对持续性口蹄疫病毒感染的反应与宿主细胞转录组中特定类型的变化有关。

口蹄疫病毒（FMDV）是一种具有高度传染性的病毒，严重威胁着畜牧业的发展。尽管持续性FMDV感染可以使情况严重恶化，但持续性FMDV感染所涉及的机制仍不清楚。在本研究中，我们确定了持久性FMDV感染的细胞系中存在进化的细胞。这些细胞在被FMDV-Op（持续感染细胞系的病毒上清液）感染时表现出对亲代FMDV的抗性并重新建立持续感染，强调了进化宿主细胞在持续FMDV感染建立中的决定性作用。使用RNA序列，我们确定了这些进化的宿主细胞的基因表达谱。与正常细胞相比，进化细胞中总共有4,686个基因差异表达，这些基因参与代谢过程，细胞周期和细胞蛋白质分解代谢过程。另外，在进化的细胞中诱导了1,229个选择性剪​​接事件，特别是跳过的外显子事件。此外，与正常细胞相比，进化出的细胞表现出更强的免疫防御反应和更弱的MAPK信号反应。进化的宿主细胞的全面转录组分析为进一步研究持续性FMDV感染的分子机制以及筛选对FMDV感染具有抗性的基因奠定了基础。进化的细胞比正常细胞表现出更强的免疫防御反应和更弱的MAPK信号反应。进化的宿主细胞的全面转录组分析为进一步研究持续性FMDV感染的分子机制以及筛选对FMDV感染具有抗性的基因奠定了基础。进化的细胞比正常细胞表现出更强的免疫防御反应和更弱的MAPK信号反应。进化的宿主细胞的全面转录组分析为进一步研究持续性FMDV感染的分子机制以及筛选对FMDV感染具有抗性的基因奠定了基础。