Atomic excitation in strong optical laser fields has been found to take place even at intensities exceeding saturation. The concomitant acceleration of the atom in the focused laser field has been considered a strong link to, if not proof of, the existence of the so-called Kramers-Henneberger (KH) atom, a bound atomic system in an intense laser field. Recent findings have moved the importance of the KH atom from being purely of theoretical interest toward real world applications; for instance, in the context of laser filamentation. Considering this increasing importance, we explore the limits of strong-field excitation in optical fields, which are basically imposed by ionization through the spatial field envelope and the field propagation.

中文翻译：

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在强光激光场中激发和稳定原子的极限

已经发现即使在强度超过饱和时，也会在强光激光场中发生原子激发。聚焦激光场中原子的伴随加速被认为与所谓的Kramers-Henneberger（KH）原子（强激光场中的束缚原子系统）的存在（如果无法证明）有很强的联系。最近的发现已经将KH原子的重要性从纯粹的理论兴趣转移到了实际应用中。例如，在激光灯丝化的背景下。考虑到这种日益增加的重要性，我们探索了光场中强场激发的极限，这些极限基本上是通过空间场包络和场传播的电离作用强加的。