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Towards Synergistic Electrode–Electrolyte Design Principles for Nonaqueous Li–O$$_$$ batteries
Topics in Current Chemistry ( IF 8.6 ) Pub Date : 2018-03-20 , DOI: 10.1007/s41061-018-0188-1
Abhishek Khetan , Dilip Krishnamurthy , Venkatasubramanian Viswanathan

One route toward sustainable land and aerial transportation is based on electrified vehicles. To enable electrification in transportation, there is a need for high-energy-density batteries, and this has led to an enormous interest in lithium–oxygen batteries. Several critical challenges remain with respect to realizing a practical lithium–oxygen battery. In this article, we present a detailed overview of theoretical efforts to formulate design principles for identifying stable electrolytes and electrodes with the desired functionality and stability. We discuss design principles relating to electrolytes and the additional stability challenges that arise at the cathode–electrolyte interface. Based on a thermodynamic analysis, we discuss two important requirements for the cathode: the ability to nucleate the desired discharge product, Li\(_2\)O\(_2\), and the ability to selectively activate only this discharge product while suppressing lithium oxide, the undesired secondary discharge product. We propose preliminary guidelines for determining the chemical stability of the electrode and illustrate the challenge associated with electrode selection using the examples of carbon cathodes and transition metals. We believe that a synergistic design framework for identifying electrolyte–electrode formulations is needed to realize a practical Li–O\(_2\) battery.



中文翻译:

迈向非水Li–O $$ _ $$电池的协同电极–电解质设计原则

电动汽车是实现可持续土地和航空运输的一种途径。为了使运输中的电气化,需要高能量密度的电池,这引起了人们对锂氧电池的极大兴趣。在实现实用的锂氧电池方面仍存在一些关键挑战。在本文中,我们将详细介绍理论上的工作,以制定用于确定具有所需功能和稳定性的稳定电解质和电极的设计原理。我们讨论了与电解质有关的设计原理以及在阴极-电解质界面处出现的其他稳定性挑战。基于热力学分析,我们讨论了对阴极的两个重要要求:核化所需放电产物Li的能力。\(_ 2 \) O \(_ 2 \),并且能够选择性地激活此放电产物同时抑制氧化锂(不希望的二次放电产物)的能力。我们提出了确定电极化学稳定性的初步指南,并以碳阴极和过渡金属为例,说明了与电极选择相关的挑战。我们认为,要实现实用的Li-O \(_ 2 \)电池,需要用于识别电解质-电极配方的协同设计框架。

更新日期:2018-03-20
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