In this week’s issue of JAMA, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) discusses their recommendations on behavioral counseling for skin cancer prevention,1 supported by an evidence report and systematic review.2 Based on the available studies conducted in primary care settings between 2009 and 2017, the review concluded that “behavioral interventions can increase sun protection behavior, but there is no consistent evidence that interventions are associated with a reduction in the frequency of sunburn in children or adults and minimal evidence on skin cancer outcomes.”2 The Task Force recommended that clinicians should counsel children and young adults with fair skin types about minimizing exposure to UV radiation (grade B recommendation). In addition, for the first time, the USPSTF concluded that there may be a small benefit of counseling adults at high risk for skin cancer about minimizing UV exposure (grade C recommendation). Skin self-examinations were assigned an I statement, meaning that insufficient evidence is available to recommend for or against this intervention.

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USPSTF 针对皮肤癌预防行为咨询的建议

在本周的《美国医学会杂志》上，美国预防服务工作组 (USPSTF) 讨论了他们关于预防皮肤癌的行为咨询的建议，1 得到了证据报告和系统评价的支持。2 基于 2009 年期间在初级保健机构进行的现有研究2017 年，该审查得出的结论是“行为干预可以增加防晒行为，但没有一致的证据表明干预措施与减少儿童或成人晒伤频率有关，并且很少有证据表明行为干预会导致皮肤癌。”2 任务Force 建议临床医生应建议皮肤白皙的儿童和年轻人尽量减少接触紫外线辐射（B 级建议）。此外，USPSTF 首次得出结论，建议皮肤癌高危成年人尽量减少紫外线照射可能会有一点好处（C 级建议）。皮肤自我检查被指定为 I 声明，这意味着没有足够的证据来推荐或反对这种干预措施。