Arecoline is the key component of areca nut and has been suggested as a carcinogenic agent. In the present study, the third instar larvae of transgenic Drosophila melanogaster (hsp70-lacZ) Bg⁹ were allowed to feed on a diet having 5, 10, 20, 40 and 80 μM arecoline for 24 h. After the completion of 24 h, the larvae were subjected to ONPG assay, X-gal staining, trypan blue exclusion test, oxidative stress markers, and apoptotic and comet assays. A dose-dependent increase in the β-galactosidase activity, tissue damage, glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity, lipid peroxidation assay, monoamine oxidase (MAO), caspase-9 and 3, protein carbonyl content (PCC), apoptotic index, and DNA damage and decrease in glutathione (GSH) content, delta aminolevulinic acid dehydrogenase (δ-ALA-D), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity were observed in the larvae exposed to 20, 40 and 80 μM arecoline. The results suggest that arecoline is toxic at 20, 40, and 80 μM toward the third instar larvae of transgenic Drosophila melanogaster (hsp70-lacZ) Bg⁹. Arecoline did not show any toxic effects at 5 and 10 μM.

中文翻译：

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槟榔碱对转基因黑腹果蝇 (hsp70-lacZ) Bg9 三龄幼虫的毒性潜力评估

槟榔碱是槟榔的主要成分，已被认为是一种致癌剂。在本研究中，转基因黑腹果蝇 (hsp70-lacZ) Bg ⁹的第三龄幼虫被允许喂食含有 5、10、20、40 和 80 μM 槟榔碱的饮食 24 小时。24小时完成后，对幼虫进行ONPG测定、X-gal染色、台盼蓝排除试验、氧化应激标记以及细胞凋亡和彗星测定。β-半乳糖苷酶活性、组织损伤、谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶 (GST) 活性、脂质过氧化测定、单胺氧化酶 (MAO)、caspase-9 和 3、蛋白质羰基含量 (PCC)、细胞凋亡指数呈剂量依赖性增加在暴露于 20、40 和 80 μM 槟榔碱的幼虫中观察到 DNA 损伤以及谷胱甘肽 (GSH) 含量、δ-氨基乙酰丙酸脱氢酶 (δ-ALA-D) 和乙酰胆碱酯酶 (AChE) 活性的降低。结果表明，槟榔碱在20、40和80μM时对转基因黑腹果蝇(hsp70-lacZ) Bg ⁹的第三龄幼虫具有毒性。槟榔碱在 5 和 10 μM 时没有表现出任何毒性作用。