Post-translational modification of proteins is a strategy widely used in biological systems. It expands the diversity of the proteome and allows for tailoring of both the function and localization of proteins within cells as well as the material properties of structural proteins and matrices. Despite their ubiquity in biology, with a few exceptions, the potential of post-translational modifications in biomaterials synthesis has remained largely untapped. As a proof of concept to demonstrate the feasibility of creating a genetically encoded biohybrid material through post-translational modification, we report here the generation of a family of three stimulus-responsive hybrid materials—fatty-acid-modified elastin-like polypeptides—using a one-pot recombinant expression and post-translational lipidation methodology. These hybrid biomaterials contain an amphiphilic domain, composed of a β-sheet-forming peptide that is post-translationally functionalized with a C₁₄ alkyl chain, fused to a thermally responsive elastin-like polypeptide. They exhibit temperature-triggered hierarchical self-assembly across multiple length scales with varied structure and material properties that can be controlled at the sequence level.

蛋白质的翻译后修饰是生物系统中广泛使用的策略。它扩展了蛋白质组的多样性，并允许定制细胞内蛋白质的功能和定位以及结构蛋白和基质的材料特性。尽管翻译后修饰在生物学中普遍存在，但除少数例外，生物材料合成中翻译后修饰的潜力在很大程度上尚未开发。作为证明通过翻译后修饰创建基因编码生物混合材料的可行性的概念证明，我们在这里报告了使用三种刺激响应混合材料（脂肪酸修饰的弹性蛋白样多肽）的家族的生成。一锅重组表达和翻译后脂化方法。_{这些混合生物材料含有一个两亲结构域，该结构域由翻译后用 C 14}烷基链功能化的 β-折叠形成肽组成，并与热响应弹性蛋白样多肽融合。它们在多个长度尺度上表现出温度触发的分层自组装，具有可以在序列水平上控制的不同结构和材料特性。