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Synapse maintenance and restoration in the retina by NGL2
eLife ( IF 7.7 ) Pub Date : 2018-03-19 , DOI: 10.7554/elife.30388
Florentina Soto 1 , Lei Zhao 1 , Daniel Kerschensteiner 1, 2, 3, 4
Affiliation  

Synaptic cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) promote synapse formation in the developing nervous system. To what extent they maintain and can restore connections in the mature nervous system is unknown. Furthermore, how synaptic CAMs affect the growth of synapse-bearing neurites is unclear. Here, we use adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) to delete, re-, and overexpress the synaptic CAM NGL2 in individual retinal horizontal cells. When we removed NGL2 from horizontal cells, their axons overgrew and formed fewer synapses, irrespective of whether Ngl2 was deleted during development or in mature circuits. When we re-expressed NGL2 in knockout mice, horizontal cell axon territories and synapse numbers were restored, even if AAVs were injected after phenotypes had developed. Finally, overexpression of NGL2 in wild-type horizontal cells elevated synapse numbers above normal levels. Thus, NGL2 promotes the formation, maintenance, and restoration of synapses in the developing and mature retina, and restricts axon growth throughout life.

中文翻译:

NGL2在视网膜中维持和恢复突触

突触细胞粘附分子 (CAM) 促进发育中的神经系统中的突触形成。它们在多大程度上维持并能够恢复成熟神经系统中的连接是未知的。此外,突触 CAM 如何影响带有突触的神经突的生长尚不清楚。在这里,我们使用腺相关病毒 (AAV) 删除、重新和过表达单个视网膜水平细胞中的突触 CAM NGL2。当我们从水平细胞中去除 NGL2 时,它们的轴突过度生长并形成更少的突触,无论 Ngl2 是在发育过程中还是在成熟回路中被删除。当我们在敲除小鼠中重新表达 NGL2 时,水平细胞轴突区域和突触数量得以恢复,即使在表型形成后注射 AAV。最后,NGL2 在野生型水平细胞中的过表达使突触数量高于正常水平。因此,NGL2 促进发育中和成熟视网膜中突触的形成、维持和恢复,并在整个生命过程中限制轴突生长。
更新日期:2018-03-19
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