The ability to monitor changes in biodiversity, and their societal impact, is critical to conserving species and managing ecosystems. While emerging technologies increase the breadth and reach of data acquisition, monitoring efforts are still spatially and temporally fragmented, and taxonomically biased. Appropriate long-term information remains therefore limited. The Group on Earth Observations Biodiversity Observation Network (GEO BON) aims to provide a general framework for biodiversity monitoring to support decision-makers. Here, we discuss the coordinated observing system adopted by GEO BON, and review challenges and advances in its implementation, focusing on two interconnected core components — the Essential Biodiversity Variables as a standard framework for biodiversity monitoring, and the Biodiversity Observation Networks that support harmonized observation systems — while highlighting their societal relevance.

监测生物多样性变化及其社会影响的能力对于保护物种和管理生态系统至关重要。尽管新兴技术增加了数据采集的广度和范围，但监控工作仍然在空间和时间上是零散的，并且在分类上存在偏差。因此，适当的长期信息仍然有限。地球观测组织生物多样性观测网络（GEO BON）旨在为生物多样性监测提供一个总体框架，以支持决策者。在这里，我们讨论了GEO BON采用的协调观测系统，并回顾了其实施方面的挑战和进展，重点关注两个相互关联的核心组成部分-基本生物多样性变量，作为生物多样性监测的标准框架，