Generally, there is limited information on pesticide absorbed dose levels and health risk attributable to the dermal route of exposure among applicators. The objective of this study was to evaluate the absorbed dose levels and consequent health risk from dermal exposure to chlorpyrifos among applicators on rice farms in Ghana. The whole-body dosimetry technique was used to capture chlorpyrifos residues penetrating the applicators’ clothing and reaching their skin, as well as residues reaching uncovered body areas of the applicators. Acute (ADD_D) and chronic (LADD_D) absorbed dose levels of chlorpyrifos were estimated from the residues and plotted as cumulative probability distributions. Health risk from chlorpyrifos exposure was characterized using the hazard quotient technique. Three of the four acute exposure guideline values used in the study indicated that applicators, represented by the median-exposed (ADD_D, 15 µg/kg/day) and the 5% - highly exposed (ADD_D, 27 µg/kg/day) groups were at high risk of acute adverse health effects due to chlorpyrifos exposure, with hazard quotient values ranging from 1.5 to 5 and 2.7 to 9, respectively. Regarding chronic adverse health effects, none of the guideline values suggested risk among the median-exposed group (LADD_D, 0.3 µg/kg/day), with HQ₅₀ values ranging from 0.03 to 1. However, two of the chronic exposure guideline values suggested that the 5%- highly exposed group (LADD_D, 0.6 µg/kg/day) may be adversely affected, with HQ₉₅ values ranging from 1.2 to 2. These findings highlight the importance of the dermal route as a major pesticide exposure pathway and suggest possible exposure minimization strategies.

通常，关于农药吸收剂量水平和健康风险的信息有限，这可归因于施药者的皮肤接触途径。这项研究的目的是评估加纳稻田中施用药者从皮肤接触毒死rif后所吸收的剂量水平以及由此带来的健康风险。全身剂量测定技术用于捕获毒死rif残留物，这些残留物渗透到施药者的衣服上并到达其皮肤，以及残留物到达施药者未覆盖的身体区域。急性（ADD _D）和慢性（LADD _D从残留物中估算毒死rif的吸收剂量水平，并将其绘制为累积概率分布。毒死rif暴露对健康的危害使用危害商技术进行了表征。研究中使用的四个急性暴露准则值中的三个表明，涂药器以暴露量中位数（ADD _D，15 µg / kg /天）和5％-高暴露量（ADD _D，27 µg / kg /天）表示）组由于暴露于毒死rif而具有急性有害健康影响的高风险，其危险系数分别为1.5至5和2.7至9。关于慢性不良健康影响，没有任何准则值表明暴露于中位数组（LADD _D为0.3 µg / kg /天）的风险，总部为₅₀值范围从0.03到1。但是，两个慢性暴露准则值表明5％高度暴露组（LADD _D，0.6 µg / kg /天）可能受到不利影响，HQ ₉₅值范围从1.2到2这些发现突出了真皮途径作为主要农药暴露途径的重要性，并提出了可能的最小化暴露策略。