Abstract A three-dimensional graphene metamaterial structure consisting of dielectric pillar arrays covered by graphene monolayer with metal layer underneath is proposed and investigated, which can realize the efficient excitations of multiple plasmonic resonance modes under incident terahertz (THz) wave. The multiple plasmonic resonance modes are highly sensitive to the change of analyte refractive index and thickness, and the frequency sensitivity of each resonance mode can reach up to 1.402, 1.687 and 1.643 THz per refractive index unit, respectively. By controlling the Fermi level of graphene, the resonance frequency can be tuned dynamically. Moreover, the proposed structure has three absorption peaks with absorptivity more than 95%, it is polarization-insensitive and can perform very well in a wide incident angles for transverse electric and transverse magnetic waves. This proposed structure can be utilized for active THz plasmonic devices such as multiple channel sensors and absorbers.

中文翻译：

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用于超灵敏太赫兹传感的石墨烯超材料上的多重等离子体共振激发

摘要 提出并研究了一种由石墨烯单层覆盖的介电柱阵列组成的三维石墨烯超材料结构，下方有金属层，可以在入射太赫兹（THz）波下实现多种等离子体共振模式的有效激发。多种等离子体共振模式对分析物折射率和厚度的变化高度敏感，每个共振模式的频率灵敏度分别达到每折射率单位1.402、1.687和1.643 THz。通过控制石墨烯的费米能级，可以动态调整共振频率。此外，所提出的结构具有三个吸收峰，吸收率超过 95%，它对极化不敏感，并且在横向电波和横向磁波的宽入射角下表现良好。这种提议的结构可用于有源太赫兹等离子体设备，例如多通道传感器和吸收器。