We report the development of a molecularly imprinted polymers–surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (MIPs–SERS) method for rapid detection and quantification of a herbicide residue 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) in milk. MIPs were synthesized via bulk polymerization and utilized as solid phase extraction sorbent to selectively extract and enrich 2,4-D from milk. Silver nanoparticles were synthesized to facilitate the collection of SERS spectra of the extracts. Based on the characteristic band intensity of 2,4-D (391 cm⁻¹), the limit of detection was 0.006 ppm and the limit of quantification was 0.008 ppm. A simple logarithmic working range (0.01–1 ppm) was established, satisfying the sensitivity requirement referring to the maximum residue level of 2,4-D in milk in both Europe and North America. The overall test of 2,4-D for each milk sample required only 20 min including sample preparation. This MIPs-SERS method has potential for practical applications in detecting 2,4-D in agri-foods.

我们报告了一种分子印迹聚合物-表面增强拉曼光谱（MIPs-SERS）方法的发展，该方法用于快速检测和定量牛奶中除草剂残留物2,4-二氯苯氧基乙酸（2,4-D）。MIP通过本体聚合合成，并用作固相萃取吸附剂，从牛奶中选择性萃取和富集2,4-D。合成了银纳米颗粒以促进提取物的SERS光谱的收集。基于2,4-D（391 cm ^-1）的检测下限为0.006 ppm，定量下限为0.008 ppm。建立了一个简单的对数工作范围（0.01-1 ppm），满足了欧洲和北美牛奶中2,4-D的最大残留量的灵敏度要求。包括样品制备在内的每个牛奶样品的2,4-D总体测试仅需20分钟。这种MIPs-SERS方法在检测农业食品中的2,4-D方面具有实际应用潜力。