Abstract In the current work, an experimental investigation was conducted to recommend the optimal concentration of alumina nanoparticles (Al2O3) into Jojoba biodiesel-diesel (JB20D) fuel blend at which the best diesel engine performance and exhaust emissions were attained. The Al2O3 nanoparticles with concentrations varied from 10 to 50 mg/l by step of 10 mg/l were mixed into JB20D fuel blend with the help of ultrasonic stabilization. The results of the present study revealed that JB20D slightly reduced the engine performance and increased its emission characteristics at all engine tested operating conditions as compared to pure diesel oil. Utilizing of Al2O3 additives was found to improve all engine performance characteristics. However, the best emission characteristics were obtained at the dose level of 20 mg/l, where remarkable emissions reduction were observed; NOx by 70%, CO by 80%, UHC by 60%, and Smoke opacity by 35%. While the best of both mechanical performance and engine combustion characteristics were achieved at a concentration of 40 mg/l, where the reduction in the brake specific fuel consumption – bsfc was by 12% and increase in the cylinder peak pressure – pmax, the maximum rate of pressure rise – dp/dθmax, and maximum rate of gross heat release – dQg/dθmax were 4.5%, 4%, and 4%, respectively. According to the comparisons of engine performance and emissions, the recommended concentration of Al2O3 in JB20D blends was concluded to be 30 mg/l, which gave remarkable enhancement in all engine performance parameters.

中文翻译：

---

添加氧化铝纳米颗粒与荷荷巴甲酯-柴油混合燃料对柴油发动机性能、燃烧和排放特性的影响

摘要 在目前的工作中，进行了一项实验研究，以推荐在荷荷巴生物柴油-柴油 (JB20D) 燃料混合物中加入氧化铝纳米颗粒 (Al2O3) 的最佳浓度，以达到最佳柴油发动机性能和废气排放。在超声波稳定的帮助下，将浓度从 10 到 50 mg/l 以 10 mg/l 为单位变化的 Al2O3 纳米颗粒混合到 JB20D 燃料混合物中。本研究的结果表明，与纯柴油相比，JB20D 在所有发动机测试运行条件下略微降低了发动机性能并增加了其排放特性。发现使用 Al2O3 添加剂可以改善所有发动机性能特征。然而，在 20 mg/l 的剂量水平下获得了最佳排放特性，观察到显着减排的地方；NOx 降低 70%，CO 降低 80%，UHC 降低 60%，烟雾不透明度降低 35%。虽然在 40 mg/l 的浓度下实现了最佳的机械性能和发动机燃烧特性，其中制动比燃料消耗的减少 - bsfc 减少了 12%，汽缸峰值压力 - pmax，最大速率的增加压升-dp/dθmax和最大总放热率-dQg/dθmax分别为4.5%、4%和4%。根据发动机性能和排放的比较，JB20D 混合物中的 Al2O3 推荐浓度为 30 mg/l，这显着提高了所有发动机性能参数。虽然在 40 mg/l 的浓度下实现了最佳的机械性能和发动机燃烧特性，其中制动比燃料消耗的减少 - bsfc 减少了 12%，汽缸峰值压力 - pmax，最大速率的增加压升-dp/dθmax和最大总放热率-dQg/dθmax分别为4.5%、4%和4%。根据发动机性能和排放的比较，JB20D 混合物中的 Al2O3 推荐浓度为 30 mg/l，这显着提高了所有发动机性能参数。虽然在 40 mg/l 的浓度下实现了最佳的机械性能和发动机燃烧特性，其中制动比燃料消耗的减少 - bsfc 减少了 12%，汽缸峰值压力 - pmax，最大速率的增加压升-dp/dθmax和最大总放热率-dQg/dθmax分别为4.5%、4%和4%。根据发动机性能和排放的比较，JB20D 混合物中的 Al2O3 推荐浓度为 30 mg/l，这显着提高了所有发动机性能参数。最大压力上升率 dp/dθmax 和最大总放热率 dQg/dθmax 分别为 4.5%、4% 和 4%。根据发动机性能和排放的比较，JB20D 混合物中的 Al2O3 推荐浓度为 30 mg/l，这显着提高了所有发动机性能参数。最大压力上升率 dp/dθmax 和最大总放热率 dQg/dθmax 分别为 4.5%、4% 和 4%。根据发动机性能和排放的比较，JB20D 混合物中的 Al2O3 推荐浓度为 30 mg/l，这显着提高了所有发动机性能参数。