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Has the Prevalence of Child and Adolescent Mental Disorders in Australia Changed Between 1998 and 2013 to 2014?
Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry ( IF 13.3 ) Pub Date : 2018-03-16 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2018.02.012
Michael G. Sawyer , Christy E. Reece , Alyssa C.P. Sawyer , Sarah E. Johnson , David Lawrence

Objective

This study examined whether the 12-month prevalence of major depressive disorder (MDD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and conduct disorder (CD) among 6- to 17-year-olds in Australia changed between 1998 and 2013 to 2014. It also investigated whether changes in the prevalence of disorders over this time varied for children living in families containing 2 parents versus single parents, and families with high versus low income.

Method

The study used data from national surveys conducted in Australia in 1998 (N = 3,597) and 2013 to 2014 (N = 5,359). In both surveys, the participating individuals were randomly selected from all 6- to 17-year-olds in Australia, and mental disorders were assessed using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children Version IV (DISC-IV), completed by parents.

Results

There was little change in the overall prevalence of mental disorders between 1998 (12.5%, 95% CI = 11.4−13.7) and 2013 to 2014 (11.1%, 95% CI = 10.1−12.2). Although there were some differences in the changes for children with different disorders, most were small in magnitude. Specifically, MDD prevalence increased from 2.1% (95% CI = 1.7−2.7) to 3.2% (95% CI = 2.7−3.8), ADHD prevalence declined from 9.9% (95% CI = 8.9−10.9) to 7.8% (95% CI = 6.9−8.7), and CD prevalence declined from 2.7% (95% CI = 2.2−3.3) to 2.1% (95% CI = 1.7−2.7). There was a persisting pattern of higher prevalence among children living in single-parent and low-income households.

Conclusion

Lack of change at a population level in the prevalence of child mental disorders suggests that new innovations in research, policy, and practice are needed to successfully address the major public health problem posed by child and adolescent mental disorders in the community.



中文翻译:

1998年至2013年至2014年间,澳大利亚儿童和青少年精神疾病的患病率是否发生了变化?

客观的

这项研究调查了1998年至2013年至2013年至2013年间,澳大利亚6至17岁儿童的主要抑郁症(MDD),注意缺陷/多动障碍(ADHD)和行为障碍(CD)的12个月患病率是否发生了变化2014年。它还调查了居住在有2个父母与单亲父母的家庭以及高收入和低收入家庭的孩子在这段时间内患病率的变化是否存在差异。

方法

该研究使用的数据来自1998年在澳大利亚进行的国家调查(N = 3,597)和2013年至2014年(N = 5,359)。在这两项调查中,从澳大利亚的所有6至17岁年龄组中随机选择参与研究的个体,并使用由父母填写的《儿童诊断访谈表IV(DISC-IV)》对精神障碍进行了评估。

结果

在1998年(12.5%,95%CI = 11.4−13.7)和2013年至2014年(11.1%,95%CI = 10.1-12.2)之间,精神障碍的总体患病率变化不大。尽管患有不同疾病的儿童的变化有所不同,但大多数变化幅度较小。具体而言,MDD患病率从2.1%(95%CI = 1.7-2.7)增加到3.2%(95%CI = 2.7-3.8),ADHD患病率从9.9%(95%CI = 8.9-10.9)下降到7.8%(95 %CI = 6.9-8.7),CD患病率从2.7%(95%CI = 2.2-3.3)降至2.1%(95%CI = 1.7-2.7)。在单亲和低收入家庭中,儿童的患病率一直持续存在。

结论

儿童精神障碍的患病率在人群水平上没有变化,这表明需要研究,政策和实践方面的新创新,才能成功解决社区中儿童和青少年精神障碍所造成的主要公共卫生问题。

更新日期:2018-03-16
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