Abstract Cities with lakes must balance the relationship between development and preservation of the natural landscape. Tall buildings are important in urban development, while landscape destruction and visual pollution caused by tall buildings have attracted more attention. Many qualitative or quantitative restrictions for building height have been designated along lakefronts. However, it is unclear whether the public accepts these restricted heights. This study aimed to assess the effects of building height and lake width on public preferences for lake landscapes. Two experiments were designed with two common lake scenarios. Three levels of building height crossed with three levels of lake width were presented in nine synthetic lake landscapes in each experiment, which were assessed by 50 participants using a psychological evaluation tool, namely the Affect Grid. The results showed that when lake width was within the Close View range with only trees on the other side of the lake, a lake landscape with the heights of buildings' visible part moderately less than average height of the trees contour was preferred over rigidly restricting that all buildings be barely visible. For lake landscapes with mountains in the background, it was found that a lake-wide threshold existed between 0.6 km and 1.8 km. Using this threshold, the Medium View range could be reclassified so that a lake width within this range might correspond to a particular type of building height restriction. These findings provide a reference for urban planners and suggest that lakes can be categorized on the basis of lake width and, in this category, building height can be restricted more appropriately.

中文翻译：

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湖泊景观的偏好：建筑高度和湖宽的影响

摘要 有湖泊的城市必须平衡自然景观的开发与保护之间的关系。高层建筑在城市发展中占有重要地位，而高层建筑带来的景观破坏和视觉污染也越来越受到关注。沿湖滨指定了许多建筑高度的定性或定量限制。不过，目前还不清楚公众是否接受这些限制高度。本研究旨在评估建筑高度和湖泊宽度对公众对湖泊景观偏好的影响。两个实验设计了两种常见的湖泊场景。在每个实验中，在九个合成湖泊景观中呈现了三个层次的建筑高度与三个层次的湖泊宽度交叉，由 50 名参与者使用心理评估工具进行评估，即影响网格。结果表明，当湖宽在近景范围内，湖对岸只有树木时，建筑可见部分高度略低于树木等高线平均高度的湖泊景观优于严格限制所有建筑物都几乎看不见。对于以山脉为背景的湖泊景观，发现在0.6公里至1.8公里之间存在全湖阈值。使用此阈值，可以对中等视野范围进行重新分类，以便此范围内的湖泊宽度可能对应于特定类型的建筑物高度限制。这些发现为城市规划者提供了参考，并建议可以根据湖泊宽度对湖泊进行分类，在这种情况下，可以更适当地限制建筑高度。