In most cases, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is associated with a known underlying risk factor like chronic viral hepatitis type B and C or alcoholic cirrhosis.1 Patients with chronic liver disease that are at risk for HCC should undergo surveillance ultrasound examinations every 6 months and dynamic cross-sectional imaging like CT and MRI if a detected hepatic nodule exceeds 1 cm in size.2 The established radiological hallmarks for diagnosing HCC non-invasively by imaging—strong contrast uptake in the arterial phase in conjunction with washout in the venous or later phases of dynamic contrast-enhanced studies—as proposed in practice guidelines of different specialised societies (eg, American Association for the Study of the Liver (AASLD) and European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) have not been changed for many years.3 Although these imaging features have proven to be very robust with specificities close to 100% even in detecting HCC lesions as small as 1–2 cm in size, their sensitivities continue to be unsatisfactorily low at around 70%.2 4 In this context, comparison of the two cross-sectional imaging modalities MRI and multidetector CT has shown MRI to have a better diagnostic accuracy than CT for detecting HCC.5 An extensive meta-analysis comparing the two imaging modalities on a per-lesion basis showed the sensitivity of MRI for detecting …

中文翻译：

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MRI诊断肝细胞癌

在大多数情况下，肝细胞癌 (HCC) 与已知的潜在风险因素有关，如慢性乙型和丙型病毒性肝炎或酒精性肝硬化。 1 有 HCC 风险的慢性肝病患者应每 6 个月接受一次监测超声检查，并且如果检测到的肝结节大小超过 1 厘米，则进行动态横断面成像，如 CT 和 MRI。2 通过成像非侵入性诊断 HCC 的已建立的放射学标志——动脉期强烈对比剂摄取结合静脉期或更晚的冲洗动态对比增强研究的各个阶段——正如不同专业协会（例如，美国肝脏研究协会 (AASLD) 和欧洲肝脏研究协会 (EASL) 的实践指南中提出的）多年来没有改变.3 尽管这些成像特征已被证明非常稳健，即使在检测小至 1-2 厘米大小的 HCC 病变时也具有接近 100% 的特异性，但它们的灵敏度仍然低得令人不满意，约为 70%。2 4 在这种情况下，两种横断面成像方式的比较 MRI 和多排 CT 显示 MRI 在检测 HCC 方面比 CT 具有更好的诊断准确性。5 一项针对每个病灶比较两种成像方式的广泛荟萃分析显示了 MRI 的敏感性用于检测……两种横断面成像方式的比较 MRI 和多排 CT 显示 MRI 在检测 HCC 方面比 CT 具有更好的诊断准确性。5 一项针对每个病灶比较两种成像方式的广泛荟萃分析显示了 MRI 的敏感性用于检测……两种横断面成像方式的比较 MRI 和多排 CT 显示 MRI 在检测 HCC 方面比 CT 具有更好的诊断准确性。5 一项针对每个病灶比较两种成像方式的广泛荟萃分析显示了 MRI 的敏感性用于检测……