After nuclear disasters, radioactive cesium partitions to soils and surface water, where it decays slowly. Hexacyanoferrates (HCFs) have excellent cesium removal properties but their structure is typically powdery. Many carrier materials, such as biomass or magnetic particles, have been used to provide a suitable substrate for HCFs that can be used in filters. This research uses the sorption properties of activated carbon (AC) to incorporate Ni-HCF, resulting in good structural properties of the hybrid material. These HCF-modified ACs show drastically improved sorption properties towards Cs after one, two and three HCF impregnation cycles. The activated carbon from brewer’s spent grain with one modification cycle removes more than 80% of 1 mg L^-1 Cs in a sea water solution and more than 98% of 1 mg L^-1 Cs from surface water at a low AC dosage (0.5 g L^-1). Iron and nickel leaching is studied and found to be dependent on the type of modified AC used and the leaching solution. Iron leaching can be problematic in surface and seawater, whereas nickel leaching is especially pronounced in seawater.

核灾难后，放射性铯会分配到土壤和地表水中，并在其中缓慢衰减。六氰基高铁酸盐（HCF）具有出色的铯去除性能，但其结构通常为粉末状。许多载体材料（例如生物质或磁性颗粒）已用于提供适用于HCF的合适基材，该基材可用于过滤器中。这项研究利用活性炭（AC）的吸附性能结合了Ni-HCF，从而获得了混合材料的良好结构性能。这些HCF改性的AC在经过1、2和3次HCF浸渍循环后，对Cs的吸附性能大大提高。啤酒酿造者的谷物中的活性炭，经过一个改性周期，就可以除去海水溶液中80％以上的1 mg L ^-1 Cs和98％以上的1 mg L低AC剂量（0.5 g L ^-1）来自地表水的^-1 Cs 。对铁和镍的浸出进行了研究，发现其取决于所使用的改性AC的类型和浸出溶液。铁的浸出在地表水和海水中可能成问题，而镍的浸出在海水中尤其明显。