Genetic studies in yeast indicate that RNA transcripts facilitate homology-directed DNA repair in a manner that is dependent on RAD52. The molecular basis for so-called RNA-DNA repair, however, remains unknown. Using reconstitution assays, we demonstrate that RAD52 directly cooperates with RNA as a sequence-directed ribonucleoprotein complex to promote two related modes of RNA-DNA repair. In a RNA-bridging mechanism, RAD52 assembles recombinant RNA-DNA hybrids that coordinate synapsis and ligation of homologous DNA breaks. In an RNA-templated mechanism, RAD52-mediated RNA-DNA hybrids enable reverse transcription-dependent RNA-to-DNA sequence transfer at DNA breaks that licenses subsequent DNA recombination. Notably, we show that both mechanisms of RNA-DNA repair are promoted by transcription of a homologous DNA template in trans. In summary, these data elucidate how RNA transcripts cooperate with RAD52 to coordinate homology-directed DNA recombination and repair in the absence of a DNA donor, and demonstrate a direct role for transcription in RNA-DNA repair.

中文翻译：

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RNA转录本如何协调DNA重组和修复。

酵母中的遗传研究表明，RNA转录本以依赖RAD52的方式促进了同源性指导的DNA修复。然而，所谓的RNA-DNA修复的分子基础仍然未知。使用重组测定，我们证明RAD52直接与RNA协同工作，成为序列定向的核糖核蛋白复合物，以促进RNA-DNA修复的两种相关模式。在RNA桥接机制中，RAD52组装重组RNA-DNA杂合体，以协调突触和同源DNA断裂的连接。在RNA模板机制中，RAD52介导的RNA-DNA杂合体可在DNA断裂处实现逆转录依赖性的RNA到DNA序列转移，从而允许随后的DNA重组。值得注意的是，我们表明，RNA-DNA修复的两种机制都通过反式同源DNA模板的转录而促进。总之，