The current level of penicillin use and its persisting residues in livestock is potentially concerning; the toxicity of penicillin residues in heat-treated animal food products (HAFP) is yet to be elucidated. In this study, the acute and chronic toxicity of benzylpenicillin G (BPG) residues in HAFP was investigated in a mouse model. The calculated LD₅₀ of BPG heated to cooking temperature (BPHCT) was 933.04 mg kg⁻¹ [b.w.] intraperitoneally corresponding to 3.75 times lower than its prototype. Mice fed on the experimental diet containing heat-treated beef with high BPG levels for 6 months displayed a reduction in body weight and altered serum values indicating for liver and renal function. Further, the organ ratios of intestinal and spleen were increased. Histopathological changes were observed in the liver, lung and parenchyma testis tissue. BPHCT residue induced sperm aberration and micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes formation. Present results indicate that prolonged exposure of BPHCT at higher levels of residue might have an impact on public health. Importantly the toxic concentrations of BPHCT are relatively high compared with levels that would result from the degradation of antibiotic residues in meat from animals that have received a therapeutic dose of BPG.

当前使用的青霉素水平及其在牲畜中的残留量可能令人担忧；尚需阐明热处理动物食品（HAFP）中青霉素残留的毒性。在这项研究中，在小鼠模型中研究了HAFP中苄青霉素G（BPG）残留的急性和慢性毒性。计算得出的加热至烹饪温度（BPHCT）的BPG的LD ₅₀为933.04 mg kg ^-1[bw]对应于其原型，腹膜内降低了3.75倍。用含有高BPG含量的热处理牛肉的实验饮食喂养6个月的小鼠体重减轻，并且血清值改变，表明肝脏和肾脏功能异常。此外，肠和脾脏的器官比率增加。在肝，肺和薄壁睾丸组织中观察到组织病理学变化。BPHCT残留诱导精子畸变和微核多色红细胞的形成。目前的结果表明，BPHCT长时间暴露于较高残留水平可能会对公共健康产生影响。