With the rapid development of mobile electronics and electric vehicles, future electrochemical capacitors (ECs) need to store as much energy as possible in a rather limited space. As the core component of ECs, dense electrodes that have a high volumetric energy density and superior rate capability are the key to achieving improved energy storage. Here, the significance of and recent progress in the high volumetric performance of dense electrodes are presented. Furthermore, dense yet porous electrodes, as the critical precondition for realizing superior electrochemical capacitive energy, have become a scientific challenge and an attractive research focus. From a pore‐engineering perspective, insight into the guidelines of engineering the pore size, connectivity, and wettability is provided to design dense electrodes with different porous architectures toward high‐performance capacitive energy storage. The current challenges and future opportunities toward dense electrodes are discussed and include the construction of an orderly porous structure with an appropriate gradient, the coupling of pore sizes with the solvated cations and anions, and the design of coupled pores with diverse electrolyte ions.

中文翻译：

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迈向卓越的电容储能：致密电极孔工程的最新进展

随着移动电子和电动汽车的飞速发展，未来的电化学电容器（EC）需要在相当有限的空间中存储尽可能多的能量。作为EC的核心组件，具有高体积能量密度和出色的倍率能力的致密电极是实现改进的能量存储的关键。在此，介绍了致密电极的高容量性能的重要性和最新进展。此外，致密而多孔的电极作为实现优异的电化学电容能量的关键前提，已成为科学挑战和有吸引力的研究重点。从孔工程的角度，深入了解孔尺寸，连通性，提供可湿性，以设计具有不同多孔结构的致密电极，以实现高性能电容储能。讨论了致密电极的当前挑战和未来机会，包括以适当的梯度构建有序的多孔结构，将孔径与溶剂化的阳离子和阴离子耦合，以及设计具有多种电解质离子的耦合孔。