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Non-pharmacological modulation of cerebral white matter organization: A systematic review of non-psychiatric and psychiatric studies
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews ( IF 8.2 ) Pub Date : 2018-03-14 , DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.03.013
Tina D. Kristensen , Rene C.W. Mandl , Jens R.M. Jepsen , Egill Rostrup , Louise B. Glenthøj , Merete Nordentoft , Birte Y. Glenthøj , Bjørn H. Ebdrup

Objective

Neuroplasticity is a well-described phenomenon, but effects of non-pharmacological interventions on white matter (WM) are unclear. Here we review associations between active non-pharmacological interventions and WM organization in healthy subjects and in psychiatric patients.

Method

A systematic review of non-psychiatric and psychiatric studies in MEDLINE and EMBASE databases. We included longitudinal, controlled studies in human participants aged 18–60 years published in peer-reviewed journals between 2000 and 2017. Studies required active interventions lasting between one day and one year, targeting cognitive-, motor- or sensory domains. The primary outcome was intervention-related brain changes in diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) derived measures.

Results

We included 25 studies. Twenty studies reported positive findings. Five studies investigated psychiatric patients. Nine randomized, controlled trials (RCTs) reported DWI changes following cognitive interventions. Interventions were too heterogeneous to perform a meta-analysis. Intervention duration of at least eight weeks appeared required to induce consistent WM changes.

Conclusions

Non-pharmacological interventions can induce changes in WM. DWI is a relevant correlate of e.g. cognitive training in prospective, long-term RCTs of psychiatric patients.



中文翻译:

脑白质组织的非药理学调节:非精神病学和精神病学研究的系统综述

客观的

神经可塑性是一种已被充分描述的现象,但是尚不清楚非药物干预对白质(WM)的影响。在这里,我们回顾了健康受试者和精神病患者中积极的非药物干预与WM组织之间的关联。

方法

MEDLINE和EMBASE数据库中的非精神病学和精神病学研究的系统综述。我们纳入了2000年至2017年间在同行评审期刊上发表的针对18至60岁人类参与者的纵向对照研究。这些研究需要持续1天至1年的积极干预,针对认知,运动或感觉领域。主要结果是扩散加权成像(DWI)得出的指标中与干预相关的脑部变化。

结果

我们纳入了25项研究。二十项研究报告了积极的发现。五项研究调查了精神病患者。九项随机对照试验(RCT)报告了认知干预后DWI的变化。干预措施太异类,无法进行荟萃分析。似乎需要至少八周的干预时间才能引起一致的WM变化。

结论

非药物干预可引起WM的改变。DWI与例如精神病患者的前瞻性,长期RCT中的认知训练有关。

更新日期:2018-03-14
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