The problem of endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) in the environment has become a worldwide concern in recent decades. Besides their toxicological effects at low concentrations and their widespread use in industrial and household applications, these pollutants pose a risk for non-target organisms and also for public safety. Analytical methods to determine these compounds at trace levels in different matrices are urgently needed. This review critically discusses trends in analytical methods for well-known EDCs like alkylphenols and bisphenol A in solid environmental matrices, including sediment and aquatic biological samples (from 2006 to 2018). Information about extraction, clean-up and determination is covered in detail, including analytical quality parameters (QA/QC). Conventional and novel analytical techniques are compared, with their advantages and drawbacks. Ultrasound assisted extraction followed by solid phase extraction clean-up is the most widely used procedure for sediment and aquatic biological samples, although softer extraction conditions have been employed for the latter. The use of liquid chromatography followed by tandem mass spectrometry has greatly increased in the last five years. The majority of these methods have been employed for the analysis of river sediments and bivalve molluscs because of their usefulness in aquatic ecosystem (bio)monitoring programs. Green, simple, fast analytical methods are now needed to determine these compounds in complex matrices.

中文翻译：

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测定固体环境基质中 4-烷基酚和双酚 a 的分析方法的最新进展：批判性评论

近几十年来，环境中内分泌干扰物 (EDC) 的问题已成为全球关注的问题。除了它们在低浓度下的毒理学效应以及它们在工业和家庭应用中的广泛使用之外，这些污染物还对非目标生物和公共安全构成风险。迫切需要一种分析方法来测定不同基质中痕量水平的这些化合物。本综述批判性地讨论了固体环境基质（包括沉积物和水生生物样品）（2006 年至 2018 年）中众所周知的 EDCs（如烷基酚和双酚 A）的分析方法的趋势。详细介绍了有关提取、净化和测定的信息，包括分析质量参数 (QA/QC)。比较传统和新颖的分析技术，与他们的优点和缺点。超声波辅助萃取后固相萃取净化是沉积物和水生生物样品最广泛使用的程序，尽管后者采用了较软的萃取条件。在过去五年中，液相色谱和串联质谱的使用大大增加。大多数这些方法已被用于分析河流沉积物和双壳类软体动物，因为它们在水生生态系统（生物）监测程序中非常有用。现在需要绿色、简单、快速的分析方法来测定复杂基质中的这些化合物。尽管后者采用了较软的提取条件。在过去五年中，液相色谱和串联质谱的使用大大增加。大多数这些方法已被用于分析河流沉积物和双壳类软体动物，因为它们在水生生态系统（生物）监测程序中非常有用。现在需要绿色、简单、快速的分析方法来测定复杂基质中的这些化合物。尽管后者采用了较软的提取条件。在过去五年中，液相色谱和串联质谱的使用大大增加。大多数这些方法已被用于分析河流沉积物和双壳类软体动物，因为它们在水生生态系统（生物）监测程序中非常有用。现在需要绿色、简单、快速的分析方法来测定复杂基质中的这些化合物。