A minimally invasive glucose microbiosensor based the flexibly integrated electrode for continuous monitoring glucose in vivo has been developed in this study. This was achieved by coating needle-type microelectrode with Cu nanoflowers, nafion, glucose oxidase (GOD) and polyurethane (PU) membranes, successfully prepared with layer-by-layer deposition. The Cu nanomaterials provided a large specific surface area and electrocatalytic activity for glucose detection. The PU layers as mass-transport limiting membranes significantly enhanced the linearity and stability of sensors. The resulting biosensor exhibited a wide linear range of 0–20 mM, with a good sensitivity of 42.38 nA mM⁻¹ (correlation coefficient r² was 0.99) and a fast response time of less than 15 s. In vivo implantable experiments using anesthetized rats showed excellent real-time response to the variation of blood glucose concentration. And the variation tendency of sensor output was consistent with that using the glucose meter. Overall, the results supported the suitability of this microsensor for measuring rapid changes of glucose in vivo. This work offers a promising approach in implantable device applications related to diabetes management as well as other medical diagnosis.

在这项研究中，已开发出一种基于微创葡萄糖微生物传感器的柔性集成电极，用于连续监测体内葡萄糖。这是通过在针型微电极上涂覆Cu纳米花，nafion，葡萄糖氧化酶（GOD）和聚氨酯（PU）膜来实现的，并成功地进行了逐层沉积。Cu纳米材料为葡萄糖检测提供了大的比表面积和电催化活性。作为传质限制膜的PU层显着增强了传感器的线性和稳定性。所得生物传感器的线性范围为0–20 mM，灵敏度为42.38 nA mM ^-1（相关系数r ²是0.99），并且响应时间少于15 s。使用麻醉大鼠的体内可植入实验显示了对血糖浓度变化的出色实时响应。并且传感器输出的变化趋势与使用血糖仪的趋势一致。总体而言，结果支持了这种微传感器适用于测量体内葡萄糖的快速变化。这项工作为与糖尿病管理以及其他医学诊断有关的可植入设备应用提供了一种有前途的方法。