In the past two decades, porous silicon (PSi) has attracted increasing attention for its potential biomedical applications. With its controllable geometry, tunable nanoporous structure, large pore volume/high specific surface area, and versatile surface chemistry, PSi shows significant advantages over conventional drug carriers. Here, an overview of recent progress in the use of PSi in drug delivery and cancer immunotherapy is presented. First, an overview of the fabrication of PSi with various geometric structures is provided, with particular focus on how the unique geometry of PSi facilitates its biomedical applications, especially for drug delivery. Second, surface chemistry and modification of PSi are discussed in relation to the strengthening of its performance in drug delivery and bioimaging. Emerging technologies for engineering PSi‐based composites are then summarized. Emerging PSi advances in the context of cancer immunotherapy are also highlighted. Overall, very promising research results encourage further exploration of PSi for biomedical applications, particularly in drug delivery and cancer immunotherapy, and future translation of PSi into clinical applications.

中文翻译：

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为生物医学应用定制多孔硅：从药物输送到癌症免疫治疗

在过去的二十年中，多孔硅 (PSi) 因其潜在的生物医学应用而受到越来越多的关注。凭借其可控的几何形状、可调的纳米多孔结构、大孔体积/高比表面积和通用的表面化学，PSi 显示出优于传统药物载体的显着优势。在这里，概述了 PSi 在药物递送和癌症免疫治疗中使用的最新进展。首先，概述了具有各种几何结构的 PSi 的制造，特别关注 PSi 的独特几何形状如何促进其生物医学应用，尤其是药物输送。其次，讨论了 PSi 的表面化学和改性，以增强其在药物递送和生物成像中的性能。然后总结了用于工程 PSi 基复合材料的新兴技术。还强调了癌症免疫疗法背景下新兴的 PSi 进展。总体而言，非常有希望的研究结果鼓励进一步探索 PSi 在生物医学方面的应用，特别是在药物递送和癌症免疫治疗方面，以及未来将 PSi 转化为临床应用。