IoT is envisioned as the next stage of the information revolution, enabling various daily applications and providing better service by conducting a deep fusion with cloud and fog computing. As the key mission of most IoT applications, data management, especially the fundamental function-data query, has long been plagued by severe security and privacy problems. Most query service providers, including the big ones (e.g., Google, Facebook, Amazon, and so on) are suffering from intensive attacks launched by insiders or outsiders. As a consequence, processing various queries in IoT without compromising the data and query privacy is an urgent and challenging issue. In this article, we propose a thing-fog-cloud architecture for secure query processing based on well studied classical paradigms. Following with a description of crucial technical challenges in terms of functionality, privacy and efficiency assurance, we survey the latest milestone-like approaches, and provide an insight into the advantages and limitations of each scheme. Based on the recent advances, we also discuss future research opportunities to motivate efforts to develop practical private query protocols in IoT.

中文翻译：

---

具有隐私保护的物联网查询：挑战，解决方案和机会

物联网被视为信息革命的下一阶段，它通过与云和雾计算进行深度融合，支持各种日常应用并提供更好的服务。作为大多数物联网应用程序的主要任务，数据管理，尤其是基本功能数据查询，长期以来一直受到严重的安全和隐私问题困扰。大多数查询服务提供商，包括大型的查询服务提供商（例如Google，Facebook，Amazon等），都遭受内部人员或外部人员发起的密集攻击。因此，在不损害数据和查询隐私的情况下处理IoT中的各种查询是一个紧迫而具有挑战性的问题。在本文中，我们提出了一种基于深入研究的经典范式的物雾云架构，用于安全查询处理。在功能，隐私和效率保证方面描述了关键技术挑战之后，我们调查了最新的里程碑式方法，并深入了解了每种方案的优点和局限性。基于最近的进展，我们还讨论了未来的研究机会，以激励人们努力开发物联网中的实用私有查询协议。