Organometal halide perovskite (CH₃NH₃PbI₃) absorber was synthesized from CH₃NH₃I and PbI₂ in N, N dimethylformamide by solution spin coating process. Characterization by X-ray diffraction, optical and electron microscopy studies confirmed a well-formed nano-crystalline tetragonal pervoskite structure. The synthesized CH₃NH₃PbI₃ was used as a photo absorber material in a hole-conductor free photovoltaic device with TiO₂ as an electron conductor. This configuration of the perovskite photovoltaic device exploits the role of CH₃NH₃PbI₃ simultaneously as light absorber and hole-conducting material. We report two device configurations: (a) with a compact TiO₂ buffer layer introduced between the porous TiO₂ and FTO and (b) without the compact TiO₂ layer over the FTO substrate. The simple solar cell structure FTO/TiO₂/CH₃NH₃PbI₃/Agpresented here shows good photovoltaic performance under illumination with standard AM1.5 sunlight. For the champion devices from the two structures, (a) and (b), we obtained short circuit photocurrent densities asJ_sc = 17.4 mA/cm² and 19.5 mA/cm², open circuit voltage V_oc = 1.0 V and 1.45 V, fill factor FF = 0.54 and 0.29 and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 9.39% and 8.19% respectively under solar light intensity flux of 100 mW/cm². We find that structure (a) offers significantly better device parameters. The results of the present work suggest a route to realize a simple, low cost and highly efficient perovskite photovoltaic device. These devices could be realized in miniaturized sensors and electronic components applied in Internet of Things (IoT).

中文翻译：

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高效无孔导体卤化物钙钛矿CH3NH3PbI3半导体吸收体的IOT光伏器件的合成与表征

通过溶液旋涂法，由CH ₃ NH ₃ I和PbI ₂在N，N二甲基甲酰胺中合成有机金属卤化物钙钛矿（CH ₃ NH ₃ PbI ₃）吸收剂。通过X射线衍射，光学和电子显微镜研究进行表征，证实了形态良好的纳米晶四方钙钛矿结构。合成的CH ₃ NH ₃ PbI ₃用作带有TiO ₂作为电子导体的无空穴导体的光伏器件中的光吸收材料。钙钛矿光伏器件的这种配置利用了CH ₃ NH ₃的作用PbI ₃同时用作光吸收剂和空穴传导材料。我们报告了两种设备配置：（a）在多孔TiO ₂和FTO之间引入了紧凑的TiO ₂缓冲层，以及（b）在FTO衬底上没有紧凑的TiO ₂层。简单的太阳能电池结构FTO /的TiO ₂ / CH ₃ NH ₃碘化铅₃ / Agpresented这里显示出良好的光生伏打下与标准AM1.5太阳光照明性能。对于（a）和（b）这两种结构的冠军器件，我们获得的短路光电流密度为J _sc = 17.4 mA / cm ²和19.5 mA / cm ²在太阳光强度通量为100 mW / cm ^2时，开路电压V _oc = 1.0 V和1.45 V，填充系数FF = 0.54和0.29，功率转换效率（PCE）分别为9.39％和8.19％。我们发现结构（a）提供了明显更好的设备参数。本工作的结果提出了一种实现简单，低成本和高效钙钛矿光伏器件的途径。这些设备可以通过应用于物联网（IoT）的小型传感器和电子组件来实现。