Nanozymes have been viewed as the next generation of artificial enzymes due to their low cost, large specific surface area, and good robustness under extreme conditions. However, the moderate activity and limited selectivity of nanozymes have impeded their usage. To overcome these shortcomings, integrated nanozymes (INAzymes) have been developed by encapsulating two or more different biocatalysts (e.g., natural oxidases and peroxidase mimics) together within confined frameworks. On the one hand, with the assistance of natural enzymes, INAzymes are capable of specifically recognizing targets. On the other hand, nanoscale confinement brought about by integration significantly enhances the cascade reaction efficiency. In this Feature Article, we highlight the newly developed INAzymes, covering from synthetic strategies to versatile applications in biodetection and therapeutics. Moreover, it is predicted that INAzymes with superior activities, specificity, and stability will enrich the research of nanozymes and pave new ways in designing multifunctional nanozymes.

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集成纳米酶：简便的制备方法和生物医学应用

由于纳米酶的低成本，大比表面积和在极端条件下的良好耐用性，它们被视为下一代人工酶。但是，纳米酶的中等活性和有限的选择性阻碍了它们的使用。为了克服这些缺点，已经通过包封两种或更多种不同的生物催化剂（例如，（自然氧化酶和过氧化物酶模拟物）一起在封闭的框架内。一方面，在天然酶的辅助下，INA酶能够特异性识别靶标。另一方面，通过集成带来的纳米级限制显着提高了级联反应效率。在本专题文章中，我们重点介绍了新开发的INAzymes，涵盖了从合成策略到生物检测和治疗领域的多种应用。此外，预计具有优异活性，特异性和稳定性的INA酶将丰富纳米酶的研究，并为设计多功能纳米酶铺平新的道路。