In operando tracking of the complex phase transformation pathway in battery materials and correlating morphology change, chemical composition, and phase structure with electrochemical performance is critical in exploring advanced battery systems with high energy density and safety. Emerging synchrotron X‐ray imaging techniques with high spatial, temporal, and chemical resolution provides unique tools to elucidate the underlying mechanisms in battery electrochemical reactions. Here, the recent significant progress in a number of rapidly growing synchrotron X‐ray imaging techniques that have been applied in battery research under in operando conditions is summarized. The basic principle and in operando experimental setup of these X‐ray imaging methods are briefly introduced. The unique capabilities of each X‐ray technique and the critical achieved scientific insights in a variety of battery materials are discussed, with particular emphasis on how these in operando X‐ray imaging techniques can advance fundamental understanding of the complex battery electrochemistry. Perspectives on the challenges and future trends in technology development for in operando X‐ray imaging study are also briefly proposed.

中文翻译：

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使用Operando同步X射线成像技术探测电池电化学

在操作中跟踪电池材料中复杂的相变途径，并将形态变化，化学成分和相结构与电化学性能相关联，对于探索具有高能量密度和安全性的先进电池系统至关重要。具有高空间，时间和化学分辨率的新兴同步加速器X射线成像技术提供了独特的工具来阐明电池电化学反应的潜在机制。在此，总结了在操作条件下进行电池研究的许多快速发展的同步加速器X射线成像技术的最新进展。简要介绍了这些X射线成像方法的基本原理和在操作实验中的设置。讨论了每种X射线技术的独特功能以及在各种电池材料中已取得的关键性科学见解，并特别强调了操作X射线成像技术中的这些技术如何能够促进对复杂电池电化学的基本理解。还简要提出了有关手术X射线成像研究中技术发展的挑战和未来趋势的观点。