A unique materials' methodology enables the doping of metals with functional molecules, polymers, enzymes, and nanoparticles. The resulting materials have either the combined properties of the metal and the dopants, or new, sometimes synergetic properties that are not found in the separate components, emerge. Metals that have been doped so far include gold, silver, copper, iron, gallium, palladium, platinum, and several alloys. Numerous applications have been demonstrated including catalysis, biocatalysis, bioactivity, electrochemistry (including new type of batteries), corrosion resistance, induction of chirality, tailoring unconventional properties to metals, and more. Doping of metals and adsorption on them are completely different processes, doping being a 3D event, while adsorption is a 2D process. Thus, practically all special properties and functionalities that have been demonstrated are apparent only in the doped case. Here, progress made in this field in the past four years is reviewed, including methodologies for obtaining metallic doped thin films, enhancing corrosion resistance, biomedical applications, and the use of doped metals for complex catalytic network of reactions.

中文翻译：

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分子掺杂金属研究的最新进展

独特的材料方法使金属能够掺杂功能分子，聚合物，酶和纳米颗粒。所得材料具有金属和掺杂剂的结合特性，或者出现了在单独的组分中未发现的新的，有时是协同的特性。到目前为止，已掺杂的金属包括金，银，铜，铁，镓，钯，铂和几种合金。已经证明了许多应用，包括催化，生物催化，生物活性，电化学（包括新型电池），耐腐蚀性，手性的诱导，为金属定制非常规性质等。金属的掺杂和在金属上的吸附是完全不同的过程，掺杂是3D事件，而吸附是2D过程。因此，实际上，已证明的所有特殊性质和功能仅在掺杂情况下才可见。这里，回顾了过去四年在该领域取得的进展，包括获得金属掺杂薄膜，增强耐腐蚀性，生物医学应用以及将金属掺杂用于复杂的催化反应网络的方法。