A new, green propellant formulation based on the high-energy dense oxidizer (HEDO) 2,2,2-trinitroethyl formate (TNEF) and nitrocellulose (NC) was prepared and thermally investigated using non-isothermal thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to check the crystals of the oxidizer and the homogeneity of the new propellant formulation (NC-TNEF). The burning behavior of NC-TNEF was recorded by high-speed camera to observe the smoke produced. A high specific impulse (Is =257.4 s) was obtained from the characteristics calculation of the new propellant formulation by using EXPLO5_V6.03 software. The NC-TNEF mixture did not show any endothermic peak and its exothermic peak was at 204.6 °C, which means that a composite might be formed. The activation energy of the NC-TNEF was in the range of 184-190 kJ mol-1 . NC-TNEF has a higher performance and a lower hazard compared with the double-base propellant.

中文翻译：

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更高的性能和更安全的处理：基于2,2,2-三硝基乙基甲酸酯和硝化纤维素的配方。

制备了一种新的绿色推进剂配方，该配方基于高能致密氧化剂（HEDO）2,2,2-三硝基乙基甲酸甲酯（TNEF）和硝化纤维素（NC），并使用非等温热重分析（TGA）和差示扫描进行了热研究量热法（DSC）。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）用于检查氧化剂的晶体和新推进剂配方（NC-TNEF）的均质性。用高速相机记录NC-TNEF的燃烧行为，观察产生的烟雾。使用EXPLO5_V6.03软件从新推进剂配方的特性计算中获得了较高的比冲（Is = 257.4 s）。NC-TNEF混合物未显示任何吸热峰，其放热峰为204.6°C，这意味着可能形成复合物。NC-TNEF的活化能在184-190 kJ mol-1的范围内。与双基推进剂相比，NC-TNEF具有更高的性能和更低的危害。