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Genetic signatures of microbial altruism and cheating in social amoebas in the wild [Evolution]
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America ( IF 11.1 ) Pub Date : 2018-03-20 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1720324115
Suegene Noh 1, 2 , Katherine S. Geist 1 , Xiangjun Tian 3, 4 , Joan E. Strassmann 1 , David C. Queller 1
Affiliation  

Many microbes engage in social interactions. Some of these have come to play an important role in the study of cooperation and conflict, largely because, unlike most animals, they can be genetically manipulated and experimentally evolved. However, whereas animal social behavior can be observed and assessed in natural environments, microbes usually cannot, so we know little about microbial social adaptations in nature. This has led to some difficult-to-resolve controversies about social adaptation even for well-studied traits such as bacterial quorum sensing, siderophore production, and biofilms. Here we use molecular signatures of population genetics and molecular evolution to address controversies over the existence of altruism and cheating in social amoebas. First, we find signatures of rapid adaptive molecular evolution that are consistent with social conflict being a significant force in nature. Second, we find population-genetic signatures of purifying selection to support the hypothesis that the cells that form the sterile stalk evolve primarily through altruistic kin selection rather than through selfish direct reproduction. Our results show how molecular signatures can provide insight into social adaptations that cannot be observed in their natural context, and they support the hypotheses that social amoebas in the wild are both altruists and cheaters.



中文翻译:

野外社交变形虫微生物利他行为和作弊的遗传特征[进化]

许多微生物参与社会互动。其中一些已在合作与冲突的研究中发挥了重要作用,主要是因为与大多数动物不同,它们可以通过基因操作和实验方式进行进化。但是,尽管可以在自然环境中观察和评估动物的社交行为,但通常无法观察到微生物,因此我们对自然界中的微生物社会适应性知之甚少。即使对于经过充分研究的特征,例如细菌群体感应,铁载体生产和生物膜,也已经引起了一些关于社会适应性的难以解决的争议。在这里,我们使用群体遗传学和分子进化的分子标记来解决关于利他主义和社会变形虫作弊的存在的争议。第一的,我们发现快速适应性分子进化的特征与社会冲突是自然界的重要力量相一致。其次,我们发现了纯化选择的种群遗传特征,以支持以下假设:形成无菌茎的细胞主要通过利他亲属选择而不是通过自私的直接繁殖来进化。我们的研究结果表明,分子标记如何能够洞察自然环境下无法观察到的社会适应,并且支持假说在野外的社会变形虫既是利他主义者又是骗子。我们发现纯化选择的种群遗传学特征支持以下假说,即形成不育茎的细胞主要通过利他亲属选择而不是通过自私的直接繁殖来进化。我们的研究结果表明,分子标记如何能够洞察自然环境下无法观察到的社会适应,并且支持假说在野外的社会变形虫既是利他主义者又是骗子。我们发现纯化选择的种群遗传学特征支持以下假说,即形成不育茎的细胞主要通过利他亲属选择而不是通过自私的直接繁殖来进化。我们的研究结果表明,分子标记如何能够洞察自然环境下无法观察到的社会适应,并且支持假说在野外的社会变形虫既是利他主义者又是骗子。

更新日期:2018-03-21
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