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Speciation and bioavailability of heavy metals in pyrolytic biochar of swine and goat manures
Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis ( IF 6 ) Pub Date : 2018-06-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2018.03.012
Xinyi Zeng , Zhihua Xiao , Guolin Zhang , Andong Wang , Zihan Li , Yihan Liu , Hua Wang , Qingru Zeng , Yunshan Liang , Dongsheng Zou

Abstract The analysis was performed to research the speciation and bioavailability of heavy metals in manures and the biochars obtained from pyrolysis of swine and goat manures. Manures were pyrolyzed at different temperatures (200–800 °C). The concentrations of heavy metals in biochars were found to be higher than those in manures. The remaining ratios of heavy metals in biochar decreased with increasing pyrolysis temperature. Our results demonstrated that heavy metal speciation in biochar was strongly impacted by pyrolysis temperature. The bioavailable heavy metal fractions (acid soluble/exchangeable fraction and reducible fraction) were transformed into the relatively stable fraction (oxidizable fraction) and very stable fraction (residual fraction) during pyrolysis. Moreover, the data of diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA), HCl extraction, and toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) in biochar indicated that bioavailability and toxicity of heavy metals in biochar were greatly reduced after pyrolysis. In summary, the pyrolysis process at 500 °C can provide a practical way to decline the bioavailability of heavy metals in manure. Biochar obtained from manure pyrolyzed at 800 °C may minimize the direct and potential heavy metal toxicities of biochar to the environment.

中文翻译:

猪和山羊粪便热解生物炭中重金属的形态和生物有效性

摘要 通过分析研究了粪便中重金属的形态和生物利用度,以及猪、山羊粪便热解得到的生物炭。粪便在不同温度(200-800°C)下热解。发现生物炭中的重金属浓度高于粪便中的重金属浓度。生物炭中重金属的剩余比例随着热解温度的升高而降低。我们的结果表明,生物炭中的重金属形态受热解温度的强烈影响。生物可利用的重金属馏分(酸溶/可交换馏分和可还原馏分)在热解过程中转化为相对稳定的馏分(可氧化馏分)和非常稳定的馏分(残留馏分)。此外,二亚乙基三胺五乙酸(DTPA)的数据,生物炭中的 HCl 提取和毒性特征浸出程序 (TCLP) 表明,热解后生物炭中重金属的生物利用度和毒性大大降低。总之,500°C的热解过程可以提供一种降低粪便中重金属生物利用度的实用方法。从 800 °C 热解的粪便中获得的生物炭可以最大限度地减少生物炭对环境的直接和潜在的重金属毒性。
更新日期:2018-06-01
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