Novel carbon nanomaterials have aroused significant interest owing to their prospects in various technological applications. The recently developed on‐surface synthesis strategy provides a route toward atomically precise fabrication of nanostructures, which paves the way to functional molecular nanostructures in a controlled fashion. A plethora of low‐dimensional nanostructures, challenging to traditional solution chemistry, have been recently fabricated. Within the last few decades, an increasing interest and flourishing studies on the fabrication of novel low‐dimensional carbon nanostructures using on‐surface synthesis strategies have been witnessed. In particular, carbon materials, including fullerene, carbon nanotubes, and graphene nanoribbons, are synthesized with atomic precision by such bottom‐up methods. Herein, starting from the basic concepts and progress made in the field of on‐surface synthesis, the recent developments of atomically precise fabrication of low‐dimensional carbon nanostructures are reviewed.

中文翻译：

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碳纳米结构的表面合成

新型碳纳米材料由于其在各种技术应用中的前景而引起了极大的兴趣。最近开发的表面合成策略为纳米结构的原子精确制造提供了一条途径，这为以受控方式为功能性分子纳米结构铺平了道路。最近已经制造出了许多对传统溶液化学具有挑战性的低维纳米结构。在过去的几十年中，目睹了对使用表面合成策略制造新型低维碳纳米结构的兴趣日益增长和蓬勃发展的研究。特别是，碳原子材料，包括富勒烯，碳纳米管和石墨烯纳米带，都是通过这种自下而上的方法以原子精度合成的。在此处，