Titanium dioxide nanotubes (TNTs) have drawn wide attention and been extensively applied in the field of biomedicine, due to their large specific surface area, good corrosion resistance, excellent biocompatibility, and enhanced bioactivity. This review describes the preparation of TNTs and the surface modification that entrust the nanotubes with better antibacterial property and enhanced osteoblast adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. Considering the contact between TNTs’ surface and surrounding tissues after implantation, the interactions between TNTs (with properties including their diameter, length, wettability, and crystalline phase) and proteins, platelets, bacteria, and cells are illustrated. The state of the art in the applications of TNTs in dentistry, orthopedic implants, and cardiovascular stents are introduced. In particular, the application of TNTs in biosensing has attracted much attention due to its ability for the rapid diagnosis of diseases. Finally, the difficulties and challenges in the practical application of TNTs are also discussed.

中文翻译：

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生物医学 用TiO ₂纳米管涂料的研究 进展

二氧化钛纳米管（TNTs）因其大的比表面积，良好的耐腐蚀性，优异的生物相容性和增强的生物活性而备受关注，并已广泛应用于生物医学领域。这篇综述描述了TNT的制备和赋予纳米管更好的抗菌性能和增强的成骨细胞粘附，增殖和分化的表面修饰。考虑到植入后TNT表面和周围组织之间的接触，说明了TNT（具有包括其直径，长度，润湿性和结晶相的特性）与蛋白质，血小板，细菌和细胞之间的相互作用。介绍了TNT在牙科，骨科植入物和心血管支架中的应用现状。尤其是，TNTs在生物传感中的应用由于具有快速诊断疾病的能力而备受关注。最后，讨论了TNT实际应用中的困难和挑战。