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Analysis and experimental validation of the figure of merit for piezoelectric energy harvesters†
Materials Horizons ( IF 13.3 ) Pub Date : 2018-03-01 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1039/c8mh00097b
Daniella B. Deutz 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , John-Alan Pascoe 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 , Ben Schelen 2, 3, 7, 8, 9 , Sybrand van der Zwaag 1, 2, 3, 4 , Dago M. de Leeuw 1, 2, 3, 4 , Pim Groen 1, 2, 3, 4, 10
Affiliation  

Piezoelectric energy harvesters are at the front of scientific research as enablers of renewable, sustainable energy for autonomous wireless sensor networks. Crucial for this disruptive technology is the achievable output power. Here we show, analytically, that the maximum output energy per unit volume, under a single sinusoidal excitation, is equal to 1/(4 − 2k2) × 1/2dgX2, where k2 is the electromechanical coupling coefficient, d and g are the piezoelectric charge and voltage coefficient, respectively, and X is the applied stress. The expression derived is validated by the experimentally measured output energy for a variety of piezoelectric materials over an unprecedented range of more than five orders of magnitude. As the prefactor 1/(4 − 2k2) varies only between 1/2 and 1/4 the figure of merit for piezoelectric materials for energy harvesters is not k2, as commonly accepted for vibrational harvesters, but dg. The figure of merit does not depend on the compliance, or Young's modulus. Hence we argue that commonly used brittle inorganic piezoelectric ceramics can be replaced by soft, mechanically flexible polymers and composite films, comprising inorganic piezoelectric materials embedded in a polymer matrix.

中文翻译:

压电式能量收集器的品质因数的分析和实验验证

压电能量采集器作为自主无线传感器网络可再生,可持续能源的推动者,在科学研究中处于领先地位。对于这种破坏性技术而言,至关重要的是可实现的输出功率。在这里,我们通过分析显示,在单正弦激励下,每单位体积的最大输出能量等于1 /(4-2 k 2)×1/2 dgX 2,其中k 2是机电耦合系数dg分别是压电电荷和电压系数,X是施加的压力。通过在超过五个数量级的空前范围内对各种压电材料进行实验测量的输出能量,可以验证得出的表达式。由于前置因子1 /(4-2 k 2)仅在1/2和1/4之间变化,因此能量收集器的压电材料的品质因数不是k 2,而振动收集器通常认为是k,而是dg。品质因数不取决于柔度或杨氏模量。因此,我们认为常用的脆性无机压电陶瓷可以被柔软,机械柔韧性的聚合物和复合膜所代替,这些复合膜包括嵌入聚合物基体中的无机压电材料。
更新日期:2018-03-01
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