Abstract Efforts to realize conservation are often met with stakeholders contending that particular conservation actions are unfair for conflicting with their basic interests. A useful lens through which to view such conflict is social justice, which may be considered the fair treatment of others judged according three principles: equality, need, and desert (noun form of deserve). We formally demonstrate that (i) the subject of social justice (others) includes many non-human elements of nature and (ii) realizing conservation that is also socially just requires being guided by a non-anthropocentrism principle, whereby no human should infringe on the well-being of others any more than is necessary for a healthy, meaningful life. The concept, “healthy, meaningful life” is less vague and subjective than might be presupposed. That concept is for example subject to considerable objective reasoning through social and behavioral sciences. We indicate how realizing socially-just conservation requires another guiding, safeguard principle: If a significant and genuine conservation interest calls for restricting a human interest, that restriction should occur except when doing so would result in injustice. When the restriction would be unjust every effort should be made by all involved parties to mitigate the restriction to the point of no longer being unjust. This principle covers concerns often raised when conservation is opposed – e.g., financial costs, loss of cultural tradition. We explain how these two principles are neglected or excluded by many methods for resolving conservation conflicts and collaborative governance of natural resources.

中文翻译：

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只是保护：它是什么，我们应该追求它吗？

摘要 实现保护的努力经常遇到利益相关者，他们认为特定的保护行动与其基本利益相冲突是不公平的。观察这种冲突的一个有用的视角是社会正义，它可以被认为是根据三个原则判断他人的公平待遇：平等、需要和应得（应得的名词形式）。我们正式证明（i）社会正义（其他）的主题包括自然的许多非人类元素，以及（ii）实现保护也是社会正义需要以非人类中心主义原则为指导，即任何人都不应侵犯他人的福祉不仅仅是健康、有意义的生活所必需的。“健康、有意义的生活”这个概念不像人们预想的那样模糊和主观。例如，该概念通过社会和行为科学进行大量客观推理。我们指出实现社会公正保护如何需要另一个指导性的保护原则：如果一个重要的和真正的保护利益要求限制人类利益，则应该进行限制，除非这样做会导致不公正。当限制不公正时，所有相关方都应尽一切努力将限制减轻到不再不公正的程度。该原则涵盖了在反对保护时经常提出的问题——例如财务成本、文化传统的丧失。我们解释了这两个原则是如何被许多解决保护冲突和自然资源协作治理的方法所忽视或排除的。