Spumaretroviruses, commonly referred to as foamy viruses, are complex retroviruses belonging to the subfamily Spumaretrovirinae, family Retroviridae, which naturally infect a variety of animals including nonhuman primates (NHPs). Additionally, cross-species transmissions of simian foamy viruses (SFVs) to humans have occurred following exposure to tissues of infected NHPs. Recent research has led to the identification of previously unknown exogenous foamy viruses, and to the discovery of endogenous spumaretrovirus sequences in a variety of host genomes. Here, we describe an updated spumaretrovirus taxonomy that has been recently accepted by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Executive Committee, and describe a virus nomenclature that is generally consistent with that used for other retroviruses, such as lentiviruses and deltaretroviruses. This taxonomy can be applied to distinguish different, but closely related, primate (e.g., human, ape, simian) foamy viruses as well as those from other hosts. This proposal accounts for host-virus co-speciation and cross-species transmission.

Spumaretroviruses，通常称为泡沫病毒，是属于逆转录病毒科Spumaretrovirinae家族的复杂逆转录病毒。自然感染多种动物，包括非人类灵长类动物（NHP）。另外，在接触被感染的NHPs组织之后，发生了猿猴泡沫病毒（SFV）向人类的跨物种传播。最近的研究已导致鉴定以前未知的外源泡沫病毒，并发现了多种宿主基因组中的内源性细小逆转录病毒序列。在这里，我们描述了国际病毒分类学委员会（ICTV）执行委员会最近接受的更新的细小逆转录病毒分类，并描述了通常与其他逆转录病毒（例如慢病毒和三角洲逆转录病毒）所使用的病毒命名相一致的病毒。此分类法可用于区分不同但紧密相关的灵长类动物（例如，人类，猿，猿猴）和其他宿主的泡沫病毒。该提议考虑了宿主病毒的共同物种形成和跨物种传播。