Antibacterial materials are recognized as important biomaterials due to their effective inhibition of bacterial infections. Hydrogels are 3D polymer networks crosslinked by either physical interactions or covalent bonds. Currently, hydrogels with an antibacterial function are a main focus in biomedical research. Many advanced antibacterial hydrogels are developed, each possessing unique qualities, namely high water swellability, high oxygen permeability, improved biocompatibility, ease of loading and releasing drugs, and structural diversity. Here, an overview of the structures, performances, mechanisms of action, loading and release behaviors, and applications of various antibacterial hydrogel formulations is provided. Furthermore, the prospects in biomedical research and clinical applications are predicted.

中文翻译：

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抗菌水凝胶

抗菌材料因其能有效抑制细菌感染而被认为是重要的生物材料。水凝胶是通过物理相互作用或共价键交联的 3D 聚合物网络。目前，具有抗菌功能的水凝胶是生物医学研究的主要焦点。人们开发了许多先进的抗菌水凝胶，每种水凝胶都具有独特的品质，即高水膨胀性、高透氧性、改善的生物相容性、易于装载和释放药物以及结构多样性。本文概述了各种抗菌水凝胶制剂的结构、性能、作用机制、负载和释放行为以及应用。并对其在生物医学研究和临床应用方面的前景进行了展望。