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Environmental assessment of a landfill leachate treatment plant: Impacts and research for more sustainable chemical alternatives
Journal of Cleaner Production ( IF 11.1 ) Pub Date : 2018-02-21 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.02.219
Leonardo Postacchini , Filippo E. Ciarapica , Maurizio Bevilacqua

The aim of this study is to evaluate, from an environmental point of view, the performance of various technologies applied to the treatment of municipal landfill leachate. The study has been led in an Italian wastewater treatment plant and it applies the principles of the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) technique, using ReCiPe as the assessment method. This study shows how the operating stage of a wastewater treatment plant, that applies chemical and physical treatments, can affect the following four environmental impact categories: “Freshwater Eutrophication”, “Freshwater Ecotoxicity”, “Marine Ecotoxicity” and “Human Toxicity”. Within this operating stage, the study shows the relevant environmental impacts generated by the use of polyaluminum chloride (PAC) as a coagulant chemical agent and sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) as a pH control chemical agent. In order to investigate these results, and to discover more eco-friendly alternatives, two LCA comparisons have been carried out, comparing respectively the above two agents to analogous and common substitutes: ferric chloride as a coagulant agent and calcium hydroxide (lime) as a pH control agent. These comparisons demonstrate the higher environmental impacts of the use of ferric chloride over PAC and of sodium hydroxide over calcium hydroxide. Ferric chloride has shown to have more than double the environmental impact of PAC in 9 environmental categories out of the 10 considered, while calcium hydroxide has been able to cut down the negative environmental impacts of the sodium hydroxide of more than 65% in all the environmental categories. Considering the highly positive environmental results achieved from our study, whenever possible, a substitution of calcium hydroxide to sodium hydroxide and of PAC to ferric chloride is strongly recommended.



中文翻译:

垃圾渗滤液处理厂的环境评估:对更可持续的化学替代品的影响和研究

这项研究的目的是从环境的角度评估应用于市政垃圾渗滤液处理的各种技术的性能。这项研究是在意大利一家污水处理厂进行的,它应用了生命周期评估(LCA)技术的原理,并以ReCiPe作为评估方法。这项研究表明,采用化学和物理处理的废水处理厂的运营阶段如何影响以下四个环境影响类别:“淡水富营养化”,“淡水生态毒性”,“海洋生态毒性”和“人类毒性”。在这个运作阶段,研究表明,使用聚氯化铝(PAC)作为凝结化学剂和使用氢氧化钠(苛性苏打)作为pH控制化学剂会产生相关的环境影响。为了调查这些结果并发现更多的环保替代品,已进行了两次LCA比较,分别将上述两种试剂与类似和常见的替代品进行了比较:氯化铁为凝结剂,氢氧化钙(石灰)为凝结剂。 pH控制剂。这些比较表明,使用氯化铁而不是PAC和使用氢氧化钠而不是氢氧化钙对环境有更高的影响。在所考虑的10种环境中,氯化铁已显示出对PAC的环境影响是9种环境类别的两倍以上,而氢氧化钙已能够在所有环境类别中将氢氧化钠对环境的负面影响减少超过65%。考虑到我们的研究取得了非常积极的环境结果,因此强烈建议将氢氧化钙替换为氢氧化钠,将PAC替换为氯化铁。

更新日期:2018-02-21
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