Abstract In this study, tetradecyl trimethylammonium bromide (TTAB), cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), and octadecyl trimethylammonium bromide (OTAB) were used to modify natural sepiolite via an ion exchange reaction to form organic sepiolite (organo-Sep) hybrids. This modification is particularly critical in order to obtain good affinity between organo-Sep hybrids and emulsified oil droplets (EOs). The loading surfactants changed the surface wettability from highly hydrophilic to increasingly hydrophobic, and a charge inversion from negative to positive occurred. Organo-Sep hybrids were investigated as adsorbents for removing emulsified oil from simulated oily wastewater. The morphology, texture, and surface properties of Sep and organo-Sep hybrids were characterized by various characteristic techniques, including SEM, XRD, FT-IR, contact angle analyzer, surface area analyzer, and ζ-potential analyzer. After modification, the BET surface area of Sep significantly increased from 297.8 to 698.6 m2/g, while the total pore volume of Sep raised from 0.840 to 3.080 cm3/g with an increase in alkyl chain length of surfactants. Experimental data showed that initial pH and temperature were two key factors affecting adsorption efficiency. It was observed that 98–99% of EOs was successfully removed by organo-Sep hybrids at 60 °C. The maximum adsorption capacities of TTAB-Sep, CTAB-Sep, and OTAB-Sep for EOs were determined from Langmuir isotherm at pH 6 and 60 °C as 434.7, 448.3 and 454.9 mg/g, respectively, along with good recyclability of more than 5 cycles. Thermodynamic data suggested that the adsorption process was physical, spontaneous, and endothermic in nature. Results showed that the organo-Sep hybrids were promising adsorbent materials for the preconcentration and separation of EOs from oily wastewater.

中文翻译：

---

表面活性剂改性海泡石有效去除含油废水中的乳化油

摘要 本研究采用十四烷基三甲基溴化铵（TTAB）、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）和十八烷基三甲基溴化铵（OTAB）通过离子交换反应对天然海泡石进行改性，形成有机海泡石（organo-Sep）杂化物。为了在有机-Sep 杂种和乳化油滴 (EO) 之间获得良好的亲和力，这种修饰尤其重要。负载表面活性剂将表面润湿性从高度亲水性改变为越来越疏水性，并且发生了从负到正的电荷反转。研究了有机-Sep 杂化物作为从模拟含油废水中去除乳化油的吸附剂。Sep 和有机-Sep 杂化物的形态、质地和表面性质通过各种特征技术进行表征，包括 SEM、XRD、FT-IR、接触角分析仪、表面积分析仪和 ζ 电位分析仪。改性后，Sep 的 BET 表面积从 297.8 显着增加到 698.6 m2/g，而随着表面活性剂烷基链长度的增加，Sep 的总孔容从 0.840 增加到 3.080 cm3/g。实验数据表明，初始pH值和温度是影响吸附效率的两个关键因素。据观察，有机-Sep 杂种在 60 °C 下成功去除了 98-99% 的 EO。TTAB-Sep、CTAB-Sep 和 OTAB-Sep 对 EO 的最大吸附容量根据朗缪尔等温线在 pH 6 和 60 °C 下确定分别为 434.7、448.3 和 454.9 mg/g，以及超过5 个循环。热力学数据表明吸附过程本质上是物理的、自发的和吸热的。