Poly(ionic liquid) (PIL) catalysts with swelling ability and water enrichment ability in water/ethylene carbonate (EC) mixed substrates were designed and synthesized via a one-step direct radical copolymerization of N-vinylimidazolium IL monomers, sodium acrylate and crosslinkers. The structure and morphology of the PILs were characterized by NMR, FT-IR, TGA, SEM and elemental analysis. The effect of substituent groups and crosslinkers on the swelling ability and water enrichment ability of PILs in water and EC was studied. The water enrichment ability of PILs was positively related to the hydrophilicity of 3-substituents on imidazoliums and the crosslinkers, and water could be absorbed inside quantitatively. These PIL catalysts could enrich the optimal ratio of water to EC inside and act as high-efficiency microreactors for the catalytic hydrolysis of EC. The water enrichment ability of PIL microreactors was helpful for the decrease of water amount and the increase of catalytic efficiency.

中文翻译：

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富水的聚离子液体：用于碳酸亚乙酯水解的高效微反应器

通过一步一步的N自由基共聚反应，设计合成了在水/碳酸亚乙酯（EC）混合基质中具有溶胀能力和富水能力的聚离子液体（PIL）催化剂。-乙烯基咪唑IL单体，丙烯酸钠和交联剂。通过NMR，FT-IR，TGA，SEM和元素分析对PIL的结构和形态进行了表征。研究了取代基和交联剂对PIL在水和EC中的溶胀能力和富水能力的影响。PILs的富水能力与咪唑和交联剂上的3个取代基的亲水性呈正相关，可以定量吸收内部的水。这些PIL催化剂可以丰富内部水与EC的最佳比例，并充当EC催化水解的高效微反应器。PIL微反应器的富水能力有助于减少水量和提高催化效率。