Readily-available and efficient catalyst is essential for activating oxidants to produce reactive species for deeply remediating water bodies contaminated by antibiotics. In this study, Ferrocene (Fc) was introduced to establish a heterogeneous photo-Fenton system for the degradation of sulfonamide antibiotics, taking sulfamethoxazole as a representative. Results showed that the removal of sulfamethoxazole was effective in Fc-catalyzed photo-Fenton system. Electron spin resonance and radical scavenging experiments verified that there was a photoindued electron transfer process from Fc to H₂O₂ and dissolved oxygen resulting in the formation of

OH that was primarily responsible for the degradation of sulfamethoxazole. The reactions of OH with substructure model compounds of sulfamethoxazole unveiled that aniline moiety was the preferable reaction site of sulfamethoxazole, which was verified by the formation of hydroxylated product and the dimer of sulfamethoxazole in Fc-catalyzed photo-Fenton system. This heterogeneous photo-Fenton system displayed an effective degradation efficiency even in a complex water matrices, and Fc represented a long-term stability by using the catalyst for multiple cycles. These results demonstrate that Fc-catalyzed photo-Fenton oxidation may be an efficient approach for remediation of wastewater containing antibiotics.

中文翻译：

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二茂铁催化模拟的异质芬顿降解机制及途径在模拟日光下：以磺胺甲恶唑为例

随时可用且高效的催化剂对于活化氧化剂以产生反应性物质以深度修复被抗生素污染的水体至关重要。在本研究中，以磺胺甲恶唑为代表，引入二茂铁（Fc）建立了用于降解磺酰胺抗生素的异质光芬顿体系。结果表明，磺胺甲恶唑的去除在Fc催化的光芬顿体系中是有效的。电子自旋共振和自由基清除实验证明，从Fc到H ₂ O ₂有光诱导的电子转移过程和溶解的氧导致形成了自由基。

OH主要负责磺胺甲恶唑的降解。的反应具有磺胺甲恶唑亚结构模型化合物的OH揭示苯胺部分是磺胺甲恶唑的优选反应位点，这已通过Fc催化的光芬顿体系中羟基化产物和磺胺甲恶唑的二聚体的形成得到证实。即使在复杂的水基质中，这种非均相的光芬顿体系也显示出有效的降解效率，并且通过多次使用催化剂，Fc代表了长期稳定性。这些结果表明，Fc催化的光芬顿氧化可能是修复含抗生素废水的有效方法。