Abstract Industrialization and growth in the world's population have increased the demand for fresh water. Solar desalination systems are energy consuming and therefore using solar stills in the remote locations is more feasible and affordable. In the present study, a solar distillation system integrated with a solar parabolic trough concentrator and a vacuum-type heat exchanger with falling film technique has been developed and experimentally evaluated during five sunny days in October 2015 between 10 am to 2.30 pm. During the evaluation period, the environmental parameters of solar radiation, air temperature, and wind speed were recorded in every 15 min. Then, the effect of these environmental parameters on the daily productivity of the distillation system through the performance evaluation of both solar concentrator and heat exchanger. Then, the energy and exergy efficiencies of the heat exchanger, as the central part of the system, were calculated based on the recorded environmental and operational parameters during the experiments. The obtained results showed that the solar radiation has the dominant effect on the thermal performance of the concentrator which delivers hot oil to the heat exchanger. Moreover, it has been investigated that the vacuum pressure of the heat exchanger has a significant effect on the vapor productivity of the system. The maximum distillate production of the distillation device was recorded to be 1.5 kg/m2/day with the average solar radiation of 1227.68 W/m2 under the heat exchanger vacuum pressure of 0.5 bar. According to the results obtained from the energy and exergy analysis, the highest energy and exergy efficiencies were obtained as 60.98% and 56.80% respectively.

中文翻译：

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集成真空式换热器的主动式太阳能蒸馏系统的研制与性能评价

摘要 工业化和世界人口的增长增加了对淡水的需求。太阳能海水淡化系统耗能，因此在偏远地区使用太阳能蒸馏器更为可行且经济实惠。在本研究中，在 2015 年 10 月上午 10 点至下午 2 点 30 分的五个晴天期间，开发了一种太阳能蒸馏系统，该系统集成了太阳能抛物面聚光器和具有降膜技术的真空式换热器。在评价期间，每15分钟记录一次太阳辐射、气温和风速等环境参数。然后，通过太阳能集中器和热交换器的性能评估，这些环境参数对蒸馏系统的日常生产力的影响。然后，作为系统核心部分的热交换器的能量和火用效率是根据实验期间记录的环境和操作参数计算出来的。获得的结果表明，太阳辐射对将热油输送到热交换器的集中器的热性能具有主要影响。此外，研究表明换热器的真空压力对系统的蒸汽生产率有显着影响。记录的蒸馏装置的最大馏出物产量为 1.5 kg/m2/天，在 0.5 bar 的换热器真空压力下平均太阳辐射为 1227.68 W/m2。根据能量和火用分析获得的结果，获得的能量和火用效率最高为 60.98% 和 56。