Abstract Alginate beads, with and without different types of organo-modified clays, were obtained using a calcium chloride (CaCl2) solution. Firstly, raw clays were organo-modified with a cationic surfactant, hexadecyl trimethylammonium (HDTMA). Then, their cationic exchange capacities (CEC) were calculated and they also were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Afterwards, the obtained polymers and clay polymer nanocomposites (CPN) were carefully characterized by means of the same techniques. Later, different phenol and 4-chlorophenol (4CF) aqueous solutions were prepared and put in contact, for different periods of time, with the synthesized CPN. Phenol and 4CF concentrations were measured by means of UV–vis spectroscopy. Results indicated a successful modification of the raw clay with this cationic surfactant and its incorporation into the alginate polymer matrix. Finally, the maximum removal capacities for both phenolic compounds, 4CF and phenol, were found at qe = 0.334 mg·g−1 and qe = 0.118 mg·g−1, respectively.

中文翻译：

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用于从水溶液中去除酚类化合物的纳米复合材料的制备

摘要 使用氯化钙 (CaCl2) 溶液获得含有和不含不同类型有机改性粘土的藻酸盐珠粒。首先，用阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基铵（HDTMA）对原料粘土进行有机改性。然后，计算了它们的阳离子交换容量 (CEC)，并通过 X 射线衍射 (XRD)、扫描电子显微镜 (SEM)、傅里叶变换红外 (FTIR) 光谱、热重分析 (TGA) 和差示扫描进行了表征。量热法 (DSC)。然后，通过相同的技术仔细表征获得的聚合物和粘土聚合物纳米复合材料（CPN）。后来，制备了不同的苯酚和 4-氯苯酚 (4CF) 水溶液，并将其与合成的 CPN 接触不同的时间。苯酚和 4CF 的浓度通过紫外-可见光谱法测量。结果表明，用这种阳离子表面活性剂成功地改性了原粘土并将其掺入到藻酸盐聚合物基质中。最后，酚类化合物 4CF 和苯酚的最大去除能力分别为 qe = 0.334 mg·g-1 和 qe = 0.118 mg·g-1。