Metal-substituted cobalt ferrites [M_xCo_(1−x)Fe₂O₄ (M = Zn, Cu, Mn; x = 0.0, 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75)] were synthesized via a sol–gel technique. The ferrite structures were confirmed by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, surface analysis using the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller method, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Antimicrobial activity of these ferrites against selected pathogenic microbes was determined. The structures remained cubic spinel phases after substitution of metals. Substitution strongly influenced the microstructure and homogeneous grain distribution. The particle size of the ferrites increased linearly with increase in their annealing temperature. The surface area of zinc cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (ZCFO) was 52.56 m²/g, the average pore size was 1.84 nm, and pore volume was 0.136 mL/g. All ferrites showed antimicrobial activity toward all pathogens selected. Of these, the most powerful was ZCFO, showing zones of inhibition of 13.0 mm against Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus and 12.0 mm against Candida albicans. Gamma-irradiated ZCFO nanoparticles (150.0 kGy) maintained higher antimicrobial activity than non-irradiated particles, e.g. being active toward S. aureus (16.0 mm). ZCFO is proposed as a candidate material for industrial and biomedical purposes.

金属取代的钴铁氧体[M _x Co _{（1- x）} Fe ₂ O ₄（M = Zn，Cu，Mn; x = 0.0、0.25、0.5和0.75）]是通过溶胶-凝胶技术合成的。通过X射线衍射，傅里叶变换红外光谱，扫描电子显微镜，使用Brunauer-Emmett-Teller方法进行的表面分析以及能量色散X射线光谱法确认了铁素体的结构。确定了这些铁氧体对所选病原微生物的抗菌活性。金属取代后，结构仍为立方尖晶石相。替代对显微组织和均匀晶粒分布有很大影响。铁氧体的粒径随着退火温度的升高而线性增加。锌钴铁氧体纳米颗粒（ZCFO）的表面积为52.56 m ²/ g，平均孔径为1.84nm，孔体积为0.136mL / g。所有铁素体均对所选的所有病原体均具有抗菌活性。其中，最有效的是ZCFO，对枯草芽孢杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制作用区域为13.0 mm，对白色念珠菌的抑制作用区域为12.0 mm 。γ辐照的ZCFO纳米颗粒（150.0 kGy）保持比未辐照的颗粒更高的抗菌活性，例如，对金黄色葡萄球菌（16.0 mm）具有活性。ZCFO被建议用作工业和生物医学目的的候选材料。