Abstract Short chained triesters of glycerol and citric acid were systematically investigated as novel dual-functional dispersants and plasticisers for use in ceramic processing. Additional systematic studies on a series of diesters having structural similarities with the citrate and glycerol triesters were performed to further assess the significance of specific functional groups for the stabilisation of suspensions. The overall purpose of this work consists in simplifying the formulation for ceramic processing slurries while at the same time limiting the environmental impact and toxicity. The use of multifunctional additives reduces the risk of unwanted interactions between different components. Additionally, the possible use of one additive in more than one role opens the opportunity for an overall reduction in the number and amount of chemicals and therefore reduction of costs and risks. For the citrate ester candidates, different alkoxy groups were tested as well as the acetylation on the hydroxyl group. The glycerol esters differed by the length of the carboxylic chain. Especially triethyl and tributyl citrate are proposed as promising dual-functional additives for ceramic processing. Specifically, for triethyl citrate the dual-function was finally demonstrated by producing a dense piece of 8YSZ through tape casting and subsequent sintering.

中文翻译：

---

柠檬酸三酯和甘油三酯作为陶瓷加工的新型双功能分散剂和增塑剂

摘要 甘油和柠檬酸的短链三酯作为用于陶瓷加工的新型双功能分散剂和增塑剂被系统地研究。对一系列与柠檬酸三酯和甘油三酯具有结构相似性的二酯进行了额外的系统研究，以进一步评估特定官能团对悬浮液稳定的重要性。这项工作的总体目的在于简化陶瓷加工浆料的配方，同时限制对环境的影响和毒性。多功能添加剂的使用降低了不同组分之间不必要的相互作用的风险。此外，一种添加剂可能具有多种作用，这为全面减少化学品的数量和数量提供了机会，从而降低了成本和风险。对于柠檬酸酯候选物，测试了不同的烷氧基以及羟基上的乙酰化。甘油酯的区别在于羧基链的长度。特别是柠檬酸三乙酯和三丁酯被提议作为陶瓷加工的有前途的双功能添加剂。具体而言，对于柠檬酸三乙酯，通过流延和随后的烧结生产致密的 8YSZ 片，最终证明了其双重功能。甘油酯的区别在于羧基链的长度。特别是柠檬酸三乙酯和三丁酯被提议作为陶瓷加工的有前途的双功能添加剂。具体而言，对于柠檬酸三乙酯，通过流延和随后的烧结生产致密的 8YSZ 片，最终证明了其双重功能。甘油酯的区别在于羧基链的长度。特别是柠檬酸三乙酯和三丁酯被提议作为陶瓷加工的有前途的双功能添加剂。具体而言，对于柠檬酸三乙酯，通过流延和随后的烧结生产致密的 8YSZ 片，最终证明了其双重功能。