High-frequency components of acoustic noise radiated by the electric powertrain make the subjective perception of electric vehicles worse than expected under certain operating conditions. In order to investigate the influence of acoustic components on sound quality, a pulse width modulation (PWM)-fed electric powertrain is studied in this paper. First, the acoustic noise of the electric powertrain is collected in a semianechoic chamber. Then, two types of acoustic components of the electric powertrain, namely harmonic order noise and switching noise, are distinguished through the analyses of supplied current from the inverter and gear vibration. Furthermore, the relationship between subjective perception and spectral characteristics of the noise is discussed, based on which sensitivity is established. Subsequently, the contributions of acoustic components to psychoacoustical parameters are determined. After that, a sound quality model of the acoustic noise radiated by the electric powertrain is established. The comparison between jury test and prediction shows that the established model can be used for sound quality evaluation of the electric powertrain. Finally, the influences of harmonic order noise and switching noise on subjective perception are discussed. The main original contribution of this paper concerns the influences of harmonic order noise and switching noise radiated by PWM-fed electric powertrain on sound quality.

中文翻译：

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PWM馈电电力系统辐射声噪声的音质

电动动力总成辐射的高频噪声成分使电动汽车在某些操作条件下的主观感觉比预期的要差。为了研究声学成分对音质的影响，本文研究了脉宽调制 (PWM) 供电的电动动力系统。首先，电动动力系统的噪声被收集在半消声室中。然后，通过对逆变器提供的电流和齿轮振动的分析，区分了电动动力总成的两种声学成分，即谐波阶次噪声和开关噪声。此外，还讨论了主观感知与噪声频谱特性之间的关系，并在此基础上建立了灵敏度。随后，确定声学成分对心理声学参数的贡献。之后，建立电动动力总成辐射的声学噪声的音质模型。陪审团测试与预测的对比表明，所建立的模型可用于电动动力总成的声品质评估。最后讨论了谐波次数噪声和开关噪声对主观感知的影响。本文的主要原创贡献涉及PWM馈电的电力系统辐射的谐波阶次噪声和开关噪声对音质的影响。陪审团测试与预测的对比表明，所建立的模型可用于电动动力总成的声品质评估。最后讨论了谐波次数噪声和开关噪声对主观感知的影响。本文的主要原创贡献涉及PWM馈电的电力系统辐射的谐波阶次噪声和开关噪声对音质的影响。陪审团测试与预测的对比表明，所建立的模型可用于电动动力总成的声品质评估。最后讨论了谐波次数噪声和开关噪声对主观感知的影响。本文的主要原创贡献涉及PWM馈电的电力系统辐射的谐波阶次噪声和开关噪声对音质的影响。