Generating mesoporous films with adequate film thickness and refractive index is a common method to achieve amplitude and phase matching in low-cost interference-based antireflective coatings (ARCs). For high-surface-energy materials, pores on the 2–50 nm (i.e., on the subwavelength scale) are subject to capillary condensation by surrounding gas phase water molecules, which hampers their functioning. In this work, we examine the effect of relative humidity on mesoporous ARCs and present a simple method for the preparation of ARCs with robust operation under variable conditions. The materials route is based on the generation of well-defined porous aluminosilicate networks by block copolymer co-assembly with poly(isobutylene)-block-poly(ethylene oxide) and postsynthesis grafting of trichloro(octyl)silane molecules to the pore walls. The functionalized films exhibited a maximum transmittance value of 99.8%, with an average transmittance of 99.1% in the visible wavelength range from 400 to 700 nm. Crucially, the antireflection performance was maintained at high humidity values, with an average transmittance decrease of only 0.2% and maximum values maintained at 99.7%. This compared to maximum and average losses of 3.6 and 2.7%, respectively, for nonfunctionalized reference samples. The ARCs were shown to retain their optical properties within 50 humidity cycles, indicating long-term stability against fluctuating environmental conditions.

中文翻译：

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可变环境条件下中孔抗反射涂层的鲁棒性

生成具有足够膜厚度和折射率的中孔膜是在低成本基于干扰的抗反射涂层（ARC）中实现幅度和相位匹配的常用方法。对于高表面能材料，2-50 nm的孔（即亚波长范围内）的孔隙会因周围的气相水分子而发生毛细管凝结，从而妨碍其功能。在这项工作中，我们研究了相对湿度对介孔ARC的影响，并提出了一种简单的方法来制备具有可变条件下稳定运行的ARC。材料路线基于通过嵌段共聚物与聚（异丁烯）-嵌段共组装而生成的定义明确的多孔铝硅酸盐网络-聚（环氧乙烷）和三氯（辛基）硅烷分子的后合成接枝到孔壁。功能化膜在400至700nm的可见波长范围内显示出最大透射率值为99.8％，平均透射率为99.1％。至关重要的是，抗反射性能保持在高湿度下，平均透射率仅降低0.2％，最大值保持在99.7％。相比之下，非功能化参考样品的最大损失和平均损失分别为3.6％和2.7％。ARC被证明在50个湿度循环内保持其光学特性，这表明它可以抵抗变化的环境条件的长期稳定性。