In this study, we investigated the chemical and biological profile of lectin isolated from Japanese red sword beans (Canavalia gladiata; RSBs). RSB lectin was purified using maltamyl-Sepharose 4B and subjected to amino acid composition and partial amino acid sequencing analyses, and evaluated for blood and carbohydrate specificity, mitogenic activity, splenic natural killer (NK) cell activity, and its effect on B16 melanoma cell proliferation, compared with Concanavalin A (Con A). The amino acid composition and sequences of RSB lectin were similar to those of Con A. RSB lectin showed specificity to mannose, glucose, maltose, methyl-D-mannoside, and thyroglobulin, but not rhamnose, using mouse, sheep, and rabbit erythrocytes. Compared with Con A, RSB lectin showed low resistance to proteases and to temperatures greater than 70 °C, but high mitogenic activity for mouse splenic cells. Notably, while treatment with RSB lectin and Con A (0.01 and 0.1 μg/mL) promoted similar levels of splenic NK cell activity, which were higher than that observed in the control (0 μg/mL) and interleukin 2 (IL-2) (25 U)-treated populations, RBS lectin exerted a significantly stronger anti-proliferative effect than Con A at a concentration of 125.0 μg per well. Overall, our results show that RSB lectin might exert immunological effects on mouse splenic cells and could thus be used as a potential cancer chemopreventive agent. PRACTICAL APPLICATION Japanese red sword bean (RSB) is a tropical perennial legume consumed in many Asian countries. RSB lectin shows specificity to mannose, glucose, maltose, methyl-d-mannoside, and thyroglobulin, but not to rhamnose, using mouse, sheep, and rabbit erythrocytes. RSB lectin exhibits similarities to Concanavalin A in amino acid composition and sequence, shows mitogenic activity for mouse splenic cells and strong anti-proliferative activity for B16 melanoma cells, and also enhances the activity of splenic natural killer (NK) cells against YAC-1 cells. Thus, RSB lectin has the potential to be used as a bioactive protein in medical research.

中文翻译：

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从日本红剑豆 (Canavaliagladiata) 中分离出的凝集素作为潜在的癌症化学预防剂

在这项研究中，我们研究了从日本红剑豆（Canavaliagladiata；RSBs）中分离出的凝集素的化学和生物学特征。使用 maltamyl-Sepharose 4B 纯化 RSB 凝集素并进行氨基酸组成和部分氨基酸测序分析，并评估血液和碳水化合物特异性、有丝分裂活性、脾自然杀伤 (NK) 细胞活性及其对 B16 黑色素瘤细胞增殖的影响，与刀豆球蛋白 A (Con A) 相比。RSB 凝集素的氨基酸组成和序列与 Con A 相似。RSB 凝集素对甘露糖、葡萄糖、麦芽糖、甲基-D-甘露糖苷和甲状腺球蛋白具有特异性，但在小鼠、绵羊和兔红细胞中对鼠李糖没有特异性。与 Con A 相比，RSB 凝集素对蛋白酶和高于 70 °C 的温度表现出较低的抗性，但对小鼠脾细胞有高有丝分裂活性。值得注意的是，虽然用 RSB 凝集素和 Con A（0.01 和 0.1 μg/mL）处理促进了相似水平的脾 NK 细胞活性，但高于对照（0 μg/mL）和白细胞介素 2（IL-2）中观察到的水平(25 U) 处理的群体，RBS 凝集素在每孔 125.0 μg 的浓度下发挥比 Con A 显着更强的抗增殖作用。总体而言，我们的研究结果表明，RSB 凝集素可能对小鼠脾细胞产生免疫学作用，因此可用作潜在的癌症化学预防剂。实际应用 日本红刀豆 (RSB) 是一种热带多年生豆类，在许多亚洲国家消费。RSB 凝集素显示出对甘露糖、葡萄糖、麦芽糖、甲基-d-甘露糖苷和甲状腺球蛋白的特异性，但对鼠李糖没有特异性，使用小鼠、绵羊、和兔红细胞。RSB 凝集素在氨基酸组成和序列上与伴刀豆球蛋白 A 具有相似性，对小鼠脾细胞具有促有丝分裂活性，对 B16 黑色素瘤细胞具有很强的抗增殖活性，还增强了脾自然杀伤 (NK) 细胞对 YAC-1 细胞的活性. 因此，RSB 凝集素具有在医学研究中用作生物活性蛋白的潜力。