Electronic tattoos (e-tattoos), also known as epidermal electronics, are ultra-thin and ultra-soft noninvasive but skin-conformable devices with capabilities including physiological sensing and transdermal stimulation and therapeutics. The fabrication of e-tattoos out of conventional inorganic electronic materials used to be tedious and expensive. Recently developed cut-and-paste method has significantly simplified the process and lowered the cost. However, existing cut-and-paste method entails a medical tape on which the electronic tattoo sensors should be pasted, which increases tattoo thickness and degrades its breathability. To address this problem, here we report a slightly modified cut-and-paste method to fabricate low-cost, open-mesh e-tattoos with a total thickness of just 1.5 μm. E-tattoos of such thinness can be directly pasted on human skin and conforms to natural skin texture. We demonstrate that this ultra-thin, tape-free e-tattoo can confidently measure electrocardiogram (ECG), skin temperature, and skin hydration. Heart rate and even respiratory rate can be extracted from the ECG signals. A special advantage of such ultra-thin e-tattoo is that it is capable of high-fidelity sensing with minimized motion artifacts under various body movements. Effects of perspiration are found to be insignificant due to the breathability of such e-tattoos.

电子纹身（e-tattoos），也称为表皮电子产品，是超薄，超软的非侵入性但可贴合皮肤的设备，具有生理感应，经皮刺激和治疗等功能。用传统的无机电子材料制造电子纹身过去既乏味又昂贵。最近开发的剪切粘贴方法大大简化了过程并降低了成本。但是，现有的剪切粘贴方法需要在医疗胶带上粘贴电子纹身传感器，从而增加纹身厚度并降低其透气性。为了解决这个问题，我们在这里报告了一种经过稍微修改的剪切粘贴方法，以制造总厚度仅为1.5μm的低成本，开放式网状电子纹身。这种稀薄的电子纹身可以直接粘贴在人体皮肤上，并符合自然的皮肤纹理。我们证明，这种超薄，无胶带的电子纹身可以自信地测量心电图（ECG），皮肤温度和皮肤水合作用。心率甚至呼吸率可以从ECG信号中提取。这种超薄电子纹身的一个特殊优势是，它能够在各种身体运动下以最小的运动伪影进行高保真感测。由于这种电子纹身的透气性，汗水的影响微不足道。这种超薄电子纹身的一个特殊优势是，它能够在各种身体运动下以最小的运动伪影进行高保真感测。由于这种电子纹身的透气性，汗水的影响微不足道。这种超薄电子纹身的一个特殊优势是，它能够在各种身体运动下以最小的运动伪影进行高保真感测。由于这种电子纹身的透气性，汗水的影响微不足道。